The intricate and precise establishment of neuronal connections in the developing nervous system relies on accurate navigation of growing axons. Since Ramón y Cajal's discovery of the growth cone, the phenomenon of axon guidance has been revealed as a coordinated operation of guidance molecules, receptors, secondary messengers, and responses driven by the dynamic cytoskeleton within the growth cone. With the advent of new and accelerating techniques, Xenopus laevis emerged as a robust model to investigate neuronal circuit formation during development. We present here the advantages of the Xenopus nervous system to our growing understanding of axon guidance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.02.003 | DOI Listing |
Obes Res Clin Pract
December 2024
Department of General Practice, Geriatric Hospital Affiliated To Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 433000, China. Electronic address:
Background: microRNAs (miRNAs) could mediate the glucose and lipid metabolism progress in metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Objectives: To analyze the value of miRNA (miR)-21-5p for MetS diagnosis in children with obesity. Function of miR-21-5p has been explored by the prediction of target genes and functional and pathway enrichment analysis.
Life Sci
December 2024
College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, PR China. Electronic address:
Background: Atherosclerosis involves the buildup of macrophage-derived foam cells in the arterial intima. Facilitating the egress of these cells from plaques can significantly slow disease progression. The transmembrane receptor Unc5b, a vascular-specific axon guidance receptor, is upregulated in foam cells, and inhibits their migration from the plaques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Biol
December 2024
Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA. Electronic address:
The trigeminal ganglion is a critical structure in the peripheral nervous system, responsible for transmitting sensations of touch, pain, and temperature from craniofacial regions to the brain. Trigeminal ganglion development depends upon intrinsic cellular programming as well as extrinsic signals exchanged by diverse cell populations. With its complex anatomy and dual cellular origin from cranial placodes and neural crest cells, the trigeminal ganglion offers a rich context for examining diverse biological processes, including cell migration, fate determination, adhesion, and axon guidance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe corticospinal tract (CST) facilitates skilled, precise movements, which necessitates that subcerebral projection neurons (SCPN) establish segmentally specific connectivity with brainstem and spinal circuits. Developmental molecular delineation enables prospective identification of corticospinal neurons (CSN) projecting to thoraco-lumbar spinal segments; however, it remains unclear whether other SCPN subpopulations in developing sensorimotor cortex can be prospectively identified in this manner. Such molecular tools could enable investigations of SCPN circuitry with precision and specificity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Cell
December 2024
Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. Electronic address:
Critical molecular pathways promote central nervous system (CNS) axon regeneration, but can axons be guided to their correct targets in adulthood? In this issue of Developmental Cell, Delpech et al. show that axonal guidance cues in the CNS can be manipulated to enhance anatomic and functional recovery.
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