Apobec-1 complementation factor (A1CF) is a member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP) family, which participates in site-specific posttranscriptional RNA editing of apolipoprotein B (apoB) transcript. The posttranscriptional editing of apoB mRNA by A1CF in the small intestine is required for lipid absorption. Apart from the intestine, A1CF mRNA is also reported to be highly expressed in the kidneys. However, it is remained unknown about the functions of A1CF in the kidneys. The aim of this paper is to explore the potential functions of A1CF in the kidneys. Our results demonstrated that in C57BL/6 mice A1CF was weakly expressed in embryonic kidneys from E15.5dpc while strongly expressed in mature kidneys after birth, and it mainly existed in the tubules of inner cortex. More importantly, we identified A1CF negatively regulated the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in kidney tubular epithelial cells. Our results found ectopic expression of A1CF up-regulated the epithelial markers E-cadherin, and down-regulated the mesenchymal markers vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in NRK52e cells. In addition, knockdown of A1CF enhanced EMT contrary to the overexpression effect. Notably, the two A1CF variants led to the similar trend in the EMT process. Taken together, these data suggest that A1CF may be an antagonistic factor to the EMT process of kidney tubular epithelial cells.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17020197 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- - Cytidine to Uridine (C-to-U) RNA editing, facilitated by APOBEC1 (A1), plays a crucial role in biological processes, particularly in regulating cholesterol metabolism through editing ApoB mRNA.
- - A1 relies on cofactors like A1CF and RBM47 to form an "editosome" for effective RNA editing, while Syncrip acts as a potential regulator of A1 without directly participating in the editing.
- - The study introduced a new cofactor, RBM46, which enhances A1's editing capabilities on ApoB mRNA and identified novel cellular RNA targets for the A1/RBM46 editosome using advanced sequencing techniques.
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Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Background: APOBEC-1 complementation factor (A1CF) and Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-1 (APOBEC-1) constitute the minimal proteins necessary for the editing of apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA in vitro. Unlike APOBEC-1 and apoB mRNA, the ubiquitous expression of A1CF in human tissues suggests its unique biological significance, with various factors such as protein kinase C, thyroid hormones, and insulin regulating the activity and expression of A1CF. Nevertheless, few studies have provided an overview of this topic.
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Identification of RBM46 as a novel APOBEC1 cofactor for C-to-U RNA-editing activity.
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Cytidine (C) to Uridine (U) RNA editing is a post-transcription modification that is involved in diverse biological processes. APOBEC1 (A1) catalyzes the conversion of C-to-U in RNA, which is important in regulating cholesterol metabolism through its editing activity on ApoB mRNA. However, A1 requires a cofactor to form an "editosome" for RNA editing activity.
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The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, The College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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