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Oral lesions and disorders and their prevalence arising from the use of illicit drugs in a prison population.
Acta Odontol Scand
January 2025
Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences-CESPU, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal; UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), Gandra, Portugal.
Background: The dependence on the illicit drugs has been proven to be harmful to the oral cavity and may lead to a series of abnormal manifestations. The main objective of this study was to observe the effects caused by the consumption of illicit drugs in the oral cavity, in a prison population in the North of Portugal.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 91 male inmates aged 25-75 years (mean age 41.
Facilitators and Barriers to adherence to antiretroviral therapy among incarcerated people living with HIV in Iran: insights from a qualitative study.
Harm Reduct J
January 2025
HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Background: Ensuring consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for effective HIV treatment and achieving viral suppression. Within prisons, the prevalence of HIV is notably high, and incarcerated individuals face an increased risk of transmitting the virus both during and after incarceration. However, facilitators and barriers to ART adherence among these individuals in low- and middle-income countries remain inadequately explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAddiction treatment and harm reduction programs in prisons: lessons from Iran.
Int J Prison Health (2024)
December 2024
Department of addiction, School of behavioural sciences and mental health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Purpose: Substance use disorder is one of the most prevalent health issues among prison populations. In this regard, addiction treatment and harm reduction programs have been implemented in Iranian prisons since 2002. The purpose was to describe the practical experience of implementing harm reduction programs in Iran's prisons, emphasizing the impact of policy decisions on it.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFramework for opioid use disorder screening and diagnosis in carceral settings.
Int J Drug Policy
December 2024
Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 245 Chapman St, Ste 100, 02905 Providence, RI, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The opioid overdose crisis in the U.S. severely impacts incarcerated individuals, particularly in the two weeks following their release, where their overdose risk is significantly heightened compared to the general population.
- In response, prisons and jails are beginning to implement medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatments like methadone or buprenorphine, but identifying who needs treatment poses challenges due to imperfect screening methods.
- The essay introduces an epidemiological framework to categorize assessment outcomes for opioid use disorder (OUD) in carceral settings, discussing the implications for those incarcerated, security staff, and healthcare providers in implementing effective MOUD programs.
Characteristics of patients who are initiated on long-acting buprenorphine (Buvidal®) in France: A retrospective cross-sectional study.
Therapie
October 2024
Hospices civils de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; Service universitaire d'addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), CH Le Vinatier, 69500 Bron, France; Équipe PSR(2), CRNL, UMR 5292 CNRS/1028 Inserm - université Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France. Electronic address:
Aim: The long-acting buprenorphine Buvidal® is a recent type of opioid agonist treatment (OAT) used for opioid use disorder (OUD). It was initially suggested to preferentially use Buvidal® for specific OUD populations, including people in prison, or patients in recovery and on sublingual buprenorphine. We conducted a national study to examine whether the profile of patients treated with Buvidal® in France matched these initial recommendations.
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