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Validity, reliability and clinical utility of ASSIST-Y in assessing risk of substance-related harm and dependence in Spanish male adolescents.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health
January 2025
School of Biomedicine (Pharmacology), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Background: Substance use among adolescents is strongly associated with adverse physical, mental health, and social outcomes. Prevention and early intervention can reduce the likelihood of future problems, but requires valid and reliable screening tools capable of assessing risk across a range of substances. This study assessed the validity, reliability, and clinical utility of the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST-Y) for adolescents aged 15-17 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplying Techniques From Precision Medicine to Predict Challenging Behavior and Inform Clinical Resource Allocation.
Behav Modif
January 2025
West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA.
The identification of behavioral markers that predict the trajectory of behavior could guide the allocation of limited clinical resources to improve efficacy, efficiency, and safety. As a preliminary exploration of this possibility, we conducted a retrospective records review of incident reports for aggression displayed by residents at a secure juvenile detention center. Our purpose was to evaluate latency to first aggression as a candidate behavioral marker for predicting subsequent high-rate aggression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation between patient race and emergency department physical restraint use in a statewide hospital system.
Am J Emerg Med
January 2025
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, USA. Electronic address:
Objective: To measure the association between patient race and physical restraint use in the ED.
Methods: Adult patients presenting to eight rural, suburban, and urban EDs in a mid-Atlantic statewide hospital system ED between January 1, 2019 and June 30, 2022 were included. Those arriving already restrained, transported from detention centers, or who left before services were provided were excluded.
Linkage facilitation for opioid use disorder in criminal legal system contexts: a primer for researchers, clinicians, and legal practitioners.
Health Justice
August 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
At the intersection of drug policy, the opioid crisis, and fragmented care systems, persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the United States are significantly vulnerable to contact with the criminal legal system (CLS). In CLS settings, provision of evidence-based treatment for OUD is variable and often secondary to punitive approaches. Linkage facilitation at every touch point along the CLS Sequential Intercept Model has potential to redirect persons with OUD into recovery-oriented systems of care, increase evidence-based OUD treatment connections, and therefore reduce CLS re-exposure risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedical Detention of Incapacitated Patients.
J Gen Intern Med
December 2024
Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Inpatients with impaired decision-making capacity may attempt to leave the hospital prematurely. When no surrogate decision-maker is available, clinical teams often lack a legal basis to keep these patients. Provisions for emergency treatment and involuntary psychiatric holds are unsuitable and insufficient to address the problem.
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