The association of hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria with vesicoureteral reflux in children.

Objectives: One of the important complications of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the development of urolithiasis. Identifying factors involved in development of urolithiasis in children with VUR is immensely important. This study was conducted to determine the association between hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria with VUR in children.

Methods: One-hundred children with VUR (case group) were compared to 100 healthy children (control group) in terms of hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria. To measure these markers, random morning fasting urine samples were used. Data were analyzed using statistical tests.

Results: Hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria frequencies, and also urine calcium/creatinine (Ca/Cr) and urine uric acid/creatinine (UA/Cr) ratios were significantly higher in the case group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). A significant difference was found between hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria in severity of VUR (P < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria and severity of VUR (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: The present study showed that there is association between hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria and VUR in children. It is recommended to adopt measures to prevent the development of urolithiasis in VUR patients.