Objectives: To evaluate the association between osmophobia and the characteristics of patients and their headaches, among migraine patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Patients who consecutively sought medical attendance in a primary care unit were asked about their headaches over the last 12 months. Those who had migraine were included. A semi-structured interview, the Headache Impact Test and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used.
Results: 147 patients had migraine; 78 had osmophobia; 60 had significant anxiety symptoms; and 78 had significant depression symptoms. The mean age of these patients was 43.2 years (± 13.7); 91.2% were women. The mean length of time with complaints of headache was 13.8 years (± 12). Among the migraine patients, those with anxiety, more years of headache history, and phonophobia presented significantly more osmophobia (multivariate logistic regression).
Conclusion: Osmophobia in migraine patients is associated with significant anxiety symptoms, length of headache history, and phonophobia.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnv071 | DOI Listing |
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