Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is the second most common primary hepatic cancer in the United States. Currently, curative treatment involves aggressive surgery. Chemotherapy and radiation treatments have been used for unresectable tumors with some success. Optimizing the use of current and developing novel multimodality treatment for iCCA is essential to improving outcomes.
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Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital - SABES, Bolzano 39100, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy.
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Department of Orthopaedics, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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From the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) Foundation (C.E.G., E.P.M., N.W., P.R., I.L.W., A.M.B.) and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine-UPMC Hillman Cancer Center (C.E.G., N.W., P.R., A.M.B.) - both in Pittsburgh; AGO-B and Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin (M.U.), the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (A.S.), Evangelische Kliniken Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen (H.H.F.), Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie-Breast and Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach (C.J.), the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen (P.A.F.), German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg (P.W., S.L.), and the Center for Hematology and Oncology Bethanien, Goethe University, Frankfurt (S.L.) - all in Germany; National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-S.H.); Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo (M.S.M.); Orlando Health Cancer Institute, Orlando, FL (E.P.M.); Hospital Universitario La Paz-Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid (A.R.); L'Institut du Cancer de Montpellier-Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier (V.D.), Institut Bergonié, INSERM Unité 1312, and Université de Bordeaux UFR Sciences Médicales, Bordeaux (H.R.B.) - all in France; Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR (A.K.C.); the Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, and Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.G.), and the Cancer Center Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (E.R.C.) - all in Italy; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (I.L.W.); the National Cancer Institute, Mexico City (C.A.-S.); Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, and Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, CT (M.P.D.); the All-Ireland Cooperative Oncology Research Group (J.P.C.), and the Oncology Unit, Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont RCSI Cancer Centre, and Cancer Trials Ireland (B.T.H.) - all in Dublin; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China (Z.S.); Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade (L.S.); Grupo Médico Ángeles, Guatemala City, Guatemala (H.C.-S.); Roche Products, Welwyn Garden City, United Kingdom (A.K., A.S.); and F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland (C.L., T.B., B.N., E.R.).
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