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Microplastic hotspots mapped across the Southern Ocean reveal areas of potential ecological impact.
Sci Rep
December 2024
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK.
Marine microplastic is pervasive, polluting the remotest ecosystems including the Southern Ocean. Since this region is already undergoing climatic changes, the additional stress of microplastic pollution on the ecosystem should not be considered in isolation. We identify potential hotspot areas of ecological impact from a spatial overlap analysis of multiple data sets to understand where marine biota are likely to interact with local microplastic emissions (from ship traffic and human populations associated with scientific research and tourism).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCost Outcomes of Virtual Surgical Planning in Head and Neck Reconstruction: A Systematic Review.
Head Neck
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Background: Virtual surgical planning (VSP) is an emerging method in head and neck reconstruction with demonstrated benefits, however, its economic viability is supported with mixed evidence.
Methods: A structured search was performed in five electronic databases. Studies that performed an economic evaluation on VSP in head and neck reconstruction were included.
Adiposity and risks of gastrointestinal cancers: A 10-year prospective study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.
Int J Cancer
December 2024
Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Associations of adiposity with risks of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and non-cardia stomach cancer, both prevalent in China, are still inconclusive. While adiposity is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer, the relevance of fat-free mass and early-adulthood adiposity remains to be explored. The prospective China Kadoorie Biobank study included 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical presentations and complications of lichen sclerosus: A systematic review.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges
December 2024
Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory dermatosis most commonly characterized by changes in skin pigmentation and pruritus, with associated dyspareunia and genital architectural changes. There are a variety of complications associated with LS, which further worsen a patient's health-related quality of life. A systematic review was conducted to summarize the literature regarding clinical features of LS, as well as LS-associated complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDurvalumab and tremelimumab in patients with advanced rare cancer: a multi-centre, non-blinded, open-label phase II basket trial.
EClinicalMedicine
January 2025
Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Background: Dual inhibition of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been shown to be an effective treatment strategy in many cancers. We sought to determine the objective response rate of combination durvalumab (D) plus tremelimumab (TM) in parallel cohorts of patients with carefully selected rare cancer types in which these agents had not previously been evaluated in phase II trials and for which there was clinical or biological rationale for dual immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy to be active.
Methods: We designed a multi-centre, non-blinded, open-label phase II basket trial with each of the following 8 rare cancers considered a separate phase II trial: salivary carcinoma, carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) with tumour infiltrating lymphocytes and/or expressing PD-L1, mucosal melanoma, acral melanoma, osteosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, clear cell carcinoma of the ovary (CCCO) or squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA).
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