The current study examined the time course of implicit processing of distinct facial features and the associate event-related potential (ERP) components. To this end, we used a masked priming paradigm to investigate implicit processing of the eyes and mouth in upright and inverted faces, using a prime duration of 33 ms. Two types of prime-target pairs were used: 1. congruent (e.g., open eyes only in both prime and target or open mouth only in both prime and target); 2. incongruent (e.g., open mouth only in prime and open eyes only in target or open eyes only in prime and open mouth only in target). The identity of the faces changed between prime and target. Participants pressed a button when the target face had the eyes open and another button when the target face had the mouth open. The behavioral results showed faster RTs for the eyes in upright faces than the eyes in inverted faces, the mouth in upright and inverted faces. Moreover they also revealed a congruent priming effect for the mouth in upright faces. The ERP findings showed a face orientation effect across all ERP components studied (P1, N1, N170, P2, N2, P3) starting at about 80 ms, and a congruency/priming effect on late components (P2, N2, P3), starting at about 150 ms. Crucially, the results showed that the orientation effect was driven by the eye region (N170, P2) and that the congruency effect started earlier (P2) for the eyes than for the mouth (N2). These findings mark the time course of the processing of internal facial features and provide further evidence that the eyes are automatically processed and that they are very salient facial features that strongly affect the amplitude, latency, and distribution of neural responses to faces.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720279 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0147415 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Role of Trained Immunity in Heath and Disease.
Curr Cardiol Rep
January 2025
Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8086, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Purpose Of Review: This review aims to explore the role of immune memory and trained immunity, focusing on how innate immune cells like monocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells undergo long-term epigenetic and metabolic rewiring. Specifically, it examines the mechanisms by which trained immunity, often triggered by infection or vaccination, could impact cardiac processes and contribute to both protective and pathological responses within the cardiovascular system.
Recent Findings: Recent research demonstrates that vaccination and infection not only activate immune responses in circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages but also affect immune progenitor cells within the bone marrow environment, conferring lasting protection against heterologous infections.
Faculty perceptions of a professional development program for developing CUREs and promoting inclusive and equitable teaching.
J Microbiol Biol Educ
January 2025
Office of Inclusion and Institutional Equity, Towson University, Towson, Maryland, USA.
The Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) model can be used to explore how faculty prioritize learning about and adopting new pedagogical approaches. Here, we use the DOI framework to contextualize biology faculty perceptions of a professional development (PD) program designed to help them create a full semester course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) class at a large, public comprehensive university. PD sessions included exploring self-reflexive identity while fostering inclusive classroom spaces through understanding and interrupting implicit bias and microaggressions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasurement, decomposition and level-switching in historical science: Geochronology and the ontology of scientific methods.
Stud Hist Philos Sci
January 2025
Department of Philosophy, University of Pennsylvania, United States. Electronic address:
Philosophers of the historical sciences have focused to a significant extent on the problem of epistemic access facing these sciences: how do historical scientists overcome the relative scarcity of data about the past, compared to the present? Solving this problem usually requires solving another one, which I call the 'problem of ontic access:' how do historical scientists get access to entities and processes with properties that are potentially informative about the past? The case of geochronology illustrates one solution to this problem: historical scientists can get access to entities and processes with properties that are potentially informative about the past by exploiting the metaphysical structure of their domain. Geochronology experienced a spectacular explosion of its research boundaries in the 20th century. I explain this productivity by analyzing the ontology implicit in geochronological techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Cost-Effective Computational Strategy for the Electronic Layout Characterization of a Second Generation Light-Driven Molecular Rotary Motor in Solution.
J Comput Chem
January 2025
Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Napoli, Italy.
Light-driven molecular rotary motors are nanometric machines able to convert light into unidirectional motions. Several types of molecular motors have been developed to better respond to light stimuli, opening new avenues for developing smart materials ranging from nanomedicine to robotics. They have great importance in the scientific research across various disciplines, but a detailed comprehension of the underlying ultrafast photophysics immediately after photo-excitation, that is, Franck-Condon region characterization, is not fully achieved yet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel Perspectives for Sensory Analysis Applied to Piperaceae and Aromatic Herbs: A Pilot Study.
Foods
January 2025
Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
Spices and aromatic herbs are important components of everyday nutrition in several countries and cultures, thanks to their capability to enhance the flavor of many dishes and convey significant emotional contributions by themselves. Indeed, spices as well as aromatic herbs are to be considered not only for their important values of antimicrobial agents or flavor enhancers everybody knows, but also, thanks to their olfactory and gustatory spectrum, as drivers to stimulate the consumers' memories and, in a stronger way, emotions. Considering these unique characteristics, spices and aromatic herbs have caught the attention of consumer scientists and experts in sensory analysis for their evaluation using semi-quantitative approaches, with interesting evidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!