AI Article Synopsis
- The bacterial community on mucosal surfaces influences the immune system's development and function, impacting the K/BxN autoimmune arthritis model, which relies on microbiota.
- Research reveals that Th17 cells, which produce IL-17, are not essential for arthritis development, as antibiotics can still reduce disease in IL-17-deficient mice.
- In contrast, targeting T follicular helper (Tfh) cells shows they are crucial for arthritis progression, highlighting the gut microbiota's role in regulating autoimmune disease through Tfh cells rather than Th17 cells.
Article Abstract
The bacterial community that colonizes mucosal surfaces helps shape the development and function of the immune system. The K/BxN autoimmune arthritis model is dependent on the microbiota, and particularly on segmented filamentous bacteria, for the autoimmune phenotype. The mechanisms of how the gut microbiota affects arthritis development are not well understood. In this study, we investigate the contribution of two T cell subsets, Th17 and follicular helper T (Tfh), to arthritis and how microbiota modulates their differentiation. Using genetic approaches, we demonstrate that IL-17 is dispensable for arthritis. Antibiotic treatment inhibits disease in IL-17-deficient animals, suggesting that the gut microbiota regulates arthritis independent of Th17 cells. In contrast, conditional deletion of Bcl6 in T cells blocks Tfh cell differentiation and arthritis development. Furthermore, Tfh cell differentiation is defective in antibiotic-treated mice. Taken together, we conclude that gut microbiota regulates arthritis through Tfh but not Th17 cells. These findings have implications in our understanding of how environmental factors contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4744513 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1501904 | DOI Listing |
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