The interaction of materials with their environment is largely dictated by interfacial phenomena. Polymers are very versatile materials to modulate material interfaces to provide functionality, stability and compatibility. A class of polymers that can close the gap between fully synthetic and natural macromolecules are polypeptides derived from N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) polymerization. Recent advances in using this technique to create biomimetic interfaces and hybrid materials are highlighted, with special emphasis on nanomaterials.
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Open-vessel polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) for polypeptide synthesis.
Nat Protoc
October 2024
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Synthetic polypeptides, also known as poly(α-amino acids), have the same polyamide backbone structures as natural proteins and peptides. As an important class of biomaterials, polypeptides have been widely used because of their biocompatibility, bioactivity and biodegradability. Ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) is a classical and widely used method for the synthesis of polypeptides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent Advances and Future Developments in the Preparation of Polypeptides via -Carboxyanhydride (NCA) Ring-Opening Polymerization.
J Am Chem Soc
September 2024
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
Polypeptides have the same or similar backbone structures as proteins and peptides, rendering them as suitable and important biomaterials. Amino acid -carboxyanhydrides (NCA) ring-opening polymerization has been the most efficient strategy for polypeptide preparation, with continuous advance in the design of initiators, catalysts and reaction conditions. This Perspective first summarizes the recent progress of NCA synthesis and purification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign and synthesis of a shikimoyl-functionalized cationic di-block copolypeptide for cancer cell specific gene transfection.
J Mater Chem B
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Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India.
Targeted and efficient gene delivery systems hold tremendous potential for the improvement of cancer therapy by enabling appropriate modification of biological processes. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a novel cationic di-block copolypeptide, incorporating homoarginine (HAG) and shikimoyl (LSA) functionalities (HDA-b-PHAGm-b-PLSAn), tailored for enhanced gene transfection specifically in cancer cells. The di-block copolypeptide was synthesized sequential -carboxyanhydride (NCA) ring-opening polymerization (ROP) techniques and its physicochemical properties were characterized, including molecular weight, dispersity, secondary conformation, size, morphology, and surface charge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFacile Preparation of Heteropolypeptides from Crude Mixtures of α-Amino Acid -Carboxyanhydrides.
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Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Heteropolypeptides bearing two or more functional side chains are promising polymeric materials for various biomedical applications. However, conventional preparation of heteropolypeptides relies on the synthesis and purification of each -carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomer in a separate manner, which substantially increases the time and cost. Herein, we report the facile preparation of heteropolypeptides with up to 86% yield within several hours, which are obtained from a mixture of crude NCA monomers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPoly(l-proline)-Stabilized Polypeptide Nanostructures via Ring-Opening Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (ROPISA).
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Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 123 St. Stephen's Green, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland.
Poly(proline) II helical motifs located at the protein-water interface stabilize the three-dimensional structures of natural proteins. Reported here is the first example of synthetic biomimetic poly(proline)-stabilized polypeptide nanostructures obtained by a straightforward ring-opening polymerization-induced self-assembly (ROPISA) process through consecutive -carboxyanhydride (NCA) polymerization. It was found that the use of multifunctional 8-arm initiators is critical for the formation of nanoparticles.
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