Plectin and BPAG1e belong to the plakin family of high-molecular-weight proteins that interconnect the cytoskeletal systems and anchor them to junctional complexes. Plectin and BPAG1e are prototypical plakins with a similar tripartite modular structure. The N- and C-terminal regions are built of multiple discrete structural domains, while the central rod domain mediates dimerization by coiled-coil interactions. Owing to the mosaic organization of plakins, the structure of their constituent individual domains or small multi-domain segments can be analyzed isolated. Yet, understanding the integrated function of large regions, oligomers, and heterocomplexes of plakins is difficult due to the large and segmented structure. Here, we describe methods for the production of plectin and BPAG1e samples suitable for structural and biophysical analysis. In addition, we discuss the combination of hybrid methods that yield information at several resolution levels to study the complex, multi-domain, and flexible structure of plakins.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.mie.2015.05.002 | DOI Listing |
Structure
June 2019
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain. Electronic address:
Mechanical stability of epithelia requires firm attachment to the basement membrane via hemidesmosomes. Dysfunction of hemidesmosomal proteins causes severe skin-blistering diseases. Two plakins, plectin and BP230 (BPAG1e), link the integrin α6β4 to intermediate filaments in epidermal hemidesmosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2018
Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A. Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
Plakins are a family of seven cytoskeletal cross-linker proteins (microtubule-actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF), bullous pemphigoid antigen (BPAG1) desmoplakin, envoplakin, periplakin, plectin, epiplakin) that network the three major filaments that comprise the cytoskeleton. Plakins have been found to be involved in disorders and diseases of the skin, heart, nervous system, and cancer that are attributed to autoimmune responses and genetic alterations of these macromolecules. Despite their role and involvement across a spectrum of several diseases, there are no current drugs or pharmacological agents that specifically target the members of this protein family.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Dermatol
December 2017
Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
The dermal-epidermal junction consists of a network of several interacting structural proteins that strengthen adhesion and mediate signalling events. This structural network consists of hemidesmosomal-anchoring filament complexes connecting the basal keratinocytes to the basement membrane. The anchoring filaments in turn interact with the anchoring fibrils to attach the basement membrane to the underlying dermis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Cell Res
November 2017
Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, India. Electronic address:
BPAG1e and Plectin are hemidesmosomal linker proteins which anchor intermediate filament proteins to the cell surface through β4 integrin. Recent reports indicate that these proteins play a role in various cellular processes apart from their known anchoring function. However, the available literature is inconsistent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Enzymol
October 2016
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. Electronic address:
Plectin and BPAG1e belong to the plakin family of high-molecular-weight proteins that interconnect the cytoskeletal systems and anchor them to junctional complexes. Plectin and BPAG1e are prototypical plakins with a similar tripartite modular structure. The N- and C-terminal regions are built of multiple discrete structural domains, while the central rod domain mediates dimerization by coiled-coil interactions.
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