Multi-detector computed tomography in the evaluation of variants and anomalies of aortic arch and its branching pattern.

Objective: Evaluate the prevalence of aortic arch anatomy and branching pattern variants and anomalies in 1359 patients by Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Angiography.

Methods: Retrospective multi-centric study including exams performed for various clinical issues with the same acquisition and injection protocols on 64-slices scanners. Multi-Planar reformations and Volume Rendering Images were available in all cases.

Results: A total of 965 patients (71%) had normal aortic arch anatomy and branching pattern. Anatomical variations and anomalies were present in the remaining 394 patients (29%). The most common variation was the common origin of the brachiocephalic and the left common carotid arteries (302/1359 cases, about 22%). The most common anomaly were aberrant right subclavian artery (4/1359, about 0.5%) and right aortic arch (4/1359 cases, about 0.5%).

Conclusions: Our multicentric series is, as far as we know, the largest reported to date for the definition of the prevalence of variation and anomalies of aortic arch anatomy and branching pattern. Knowledge of such findings may avoid both in the immediate and in the long term an injury to the patient, decreasing the rate of complications during surgery and interventional radiology procedures in the head and neck district.