AI Article Synopsis
- Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are enzymes crucial for breaking down the extracellular matrix and play significant roles in both tumor biology and pregnancy.
- Their functions in pregnancy include aiding cytotrophoblast migration, remodeling spiral arteries, and forming the syncytiotrophoblast, which are essential for successful implantation and maintenance of the pregnancy.
- Dysregulation of MT-MMP expression has been associated with various pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, highlighting the importance of understanding their role in placental health.
Article Abstract
Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are a sub-family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix. Although MT-MMPs have been mainly characterized in tumor biology, they also play a relevant role during pregnancy. Placental MT-MMPs are required for cytotrophoblast migration and invasion of the uterine wall and in the remodeling of the spiral arteries. They are involved in the fusion of cytotrophoblasts to form the syncytiotrophoblast as well as in angiogenesis. All these processes are crucial for establishing and maintaining a successful pregnancy and, thus, MT-MMP activity has to be tightly regulated in time and space. Indeed, a de-regulation of MT-MMP expression has been linked with pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and was also found in maternal obesity. Here we review what is currently known about MT-MMPs in the placenta, with a focus on their general features, their localization and their involvement in pregnancy disorders.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4853033 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19336918.2015.1110671 | DOI Listing |
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