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Treatment of cocaine abuse during pregnancy: translating research to clinical practice.
Curr Psychiatry Rep
October 2010
Virginia Commonwealth University, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, AWHARE (Addiction and Women's Health: Advancing Research and Evaluation) Program, Old City Hall, Richmond, VA 23298-0343, USA.
In the late-1980s and early-1990s, much attention in America was focused on cocaine abuse. In particular, the effects of prenatal cocaine use on mothers and infants were in the news spotlight. Risks of adverse effects prompted funding for novel treatment programs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelationship between custodial status and psychosocial problems among cocaine-abusing parents initiating substance abuse treatment.
Am J Addict
March 2006
Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030-3944, USA.
Using the Addiction Severity Index and Brief Symptom Inventory, drug use and psychosocial problems are compared between 93 custodial and 125 non-custodial mothers and fathers initiating outpatient treatment for cocaine dependence. Compared to non-custodial parents, custodial parents experienced more severe current cocaine and alcohol problems, including spending more money on cocaine and alcohol, as well as using more cocaine and being intoxicated on more days. Non-custodial parents demonstrated more psychological distress, more prior history of alcohol problems, and greater current employment and legal problems than custodial parents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobehavioral deficits in neonatal rhesus monkeys exposed to cocaine in utero.
Neurotoxicol Teratol
May 2004
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Division, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 5-A-12, HHH, 666 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates neurobehavioral deficits in rhesus monkey infants exposed to cocaine during pregnancy, highlighting the need for understanding these abnormalities.
- Pregnant monkeys were administered cocaine from the 40th to 102nd postconception days, with control groups receiving only fruit treats.
- The exposed infants showed noticeable deficits in areas such as orientation, motor maturity, and attention during later testing sessions, with initial signs of increased tremulousness fading by the third session.
Perinatal cocaine exposure stimulates the expression and activation of CREB in the neonatal rat heart.
Pediatr Res
March 2003
Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
cAMP response binding protein (CREB) is a transcriptional factor known to regulate gene expression. Phosphorylation of CREB at serine 133 is necessary for CREB activation, and quantification of phospho-CREB (p-CREB) expression is an index of CREB activation. Because CREB expression and activation in specific brain regions are modified after chronic cocaine administration, we sought to determine whether chronic perinatal cocaine exposure affects the expression of CREB and p-CREB in the postnatal rat heart.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection of cocaine and its metabolites in breast milk.
J Forensic Sci
September 2001
Department of Pathology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA.
A method was developed for measuring cocaine and its metabolites, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester, norcocaine, ecgonine ethyl ester, cocaethylene, and m-hydroxybenzoylecgonine, in breast milk by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Limits of detection for this method ranged from 2.5 to 10 ng/mL, and limits of quantitation ranged from 5 to 50 ng/mL.
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