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Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pediatric Renal Transplantation and the Impact of Chemoprophylaxis With (Val-)Ganciclovir. | LitMetric

Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pediatric Renal Transplantation and the Impact of Chemoprophylaxis With (Val-)Ganciclovir.

Transplantation

1 Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. 2 Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany. 3 IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy. 4 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. 5 University Children's Hospital, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Nephrology, Münster, Germany. 6 Olga Children's Hospital, Clinic of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. 7 Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Center, Manchester, United Kingdom. 8 Baskent University, Adana Teaching and Research Center, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Adana, Turkey. 9 Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London, United Kingdom. 10 Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Dikimevi, Ankara, Turkey. 11 University Children's Hospital, Hamburg, Germany. 12 University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany. 13 University Children's Hospital, Freiburg, Germany. 14 Children's Hospital, Memmingen, Germany. 15 Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Published: April 2016

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication and disease, with its associated morbidity and poor transplant outcome, represents a serious threat to transplant recipients. The pediatric kidney transplant population is at a particularly increased risk of CMV infection.

Methods: We therefore analyzed CMV epidemiology in a large cohort of pediatric renal transplant recipients (n = 242) and assessed the impact of antiviral chemoprophylaxis with valganciclovir (VGCV) or ganciclovir (GCV) on CMV replication and morbidity.

Results: While antiviral chemoprophylaxis with VGCV or GCV in patients with a high (D+/R-) or intermediate (D+/R+) CMV risk (n = 82) compared to preemptive therapy (n = 47) had no significant effect on the incidence of CMV syndrome or tissue-invasive disease, chemoprophylaxis was associated with a better preservation of transplant function at 3 years posttransplant (loss of estimated glomerular filtration rate in the chemoprophylaxis cohort, 16.0 ± 3.4 vs. 30.1 ± 4.7 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) in the preemptive therapy cohort, P < 0.05).CMV replication was associated with a more pronounced decline of graft function (difference in estimated glomerular filtration rate of 9.6 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) at 3 years) compared to patients without CMV replication. However, patients undergoing VGCV or GCV chemoprophylaxis had more leukocytopenia.

Conclusion: Antiviral chemoprophylaxis with VGCV or GCV in recipients with a high or moderate CMV risk is associated with a better preservation of transplant function. Hence, the prevention of CMV replication in this patient population has the potential to improve transplant outcome.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000000888DOI Listing

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