The edge of fusion experiments is a region where strong gradients develop, together with the presence of strong fluctuations due to turbulence. The thermal helium beam diagnostic developed for the RFX-mod experiment allows the measurements with a single diagnostic of both low frequency time evolution of the edge radial profiles of electron density and temperature (tens of hertz), and the high frequency fluctuations (hundreds of kHz). To maximize the collected light, the three HeI lines necessary to be measured for the evaluation of n(e) and T(e) are separated with a spectrograph, and multianode photomultipliers are used as light detectors. The paper describes the diagnostic setup, with the interface hardware with the machine and the optical layout, and the characterization of its performances.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4939003 | DOI Listing |
Rev Sci Instrum
December 2024
2nd Institute of Physics B and JARA-FIT, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Low-temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy is a key method to probe electronic and magnetic properties down to the atomic scale, but suffers from extreme vibrational sensitivity. This makes it challenging to employ closed-cycle cooling with its required pulse-type vibrational excitations, albeit this is mandatory to avoid helium losses for counteracting the continuously raising helium prices. Here, we describe a compact ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscope (STM) system with an integrated primary pulse tube cooler (PTC) for closed-cycle operation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAesthet Surg J Open Forum
November 2024
Background: Application of helium-based plasma radiofrequency (RF; Renuvion, Apyx Medical, Clearwater, FL) in the subcutaneous plane results in tissue coagulation and contraction. Although, traditionally, the impact of thermal devices on skin laxity is assessed by measuring changes in skin surface area, this indirect measure does not permit intraoperative assessment or differentiation of effects from various treatments.
Objectives: To determine the amount of soft tissue contraction achieved by multiple passes of helium plasma RF energy to the subcutaneous connective tissues following power-assisted liposuction (PAL).
Sensors (Basel)
November 2024
Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
CubeSats have emerged as a promising alternative to satellite missions for studying remote areas where satellite data are scarce and insufficient, such as coastal and marine environments. However, their standard size and weight limitations make integrating remote sensing optical instruments challenging. This work presents the development of Bentayga-I, a CubeSat designed to validate PANDORA, a self-made, lightweight, cost-effective multispectral camera with interchangeable spectral optical filters, in near-space conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
November 2024
College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) exhibits mechanical, optoelectronic, and conductive properties comparable to pristine graphene, which has led to its widespread use as a method for producing graphene-like materials in bulk. This paper reviews the characteristics of graphene oxide and the evolution of traditional reduction methods, including chemical and thermal techniques. A comparative analysis reveals that these traditional methods encounter challenges, such as toxicity and high energy consumption, while plasma reduction offers advantages like enhanced controllability, the elimination of additional reducing agents, and reduced costs.
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