Baltimore, Md.; and Newark, N.J. From the Division of Burn Surgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School.
Published: January 2016
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: There is an abundance of literature supporting the efficacy of fat grafting in aesthetic and reconstructive cases. There has been a recent emphasis on the regenerative capacity of adipose-derived stem cells and their utility in the improvement of wound healing and scarring provided by their cytokine and growth factor profiles. Despite the wealth of evidence supporting their efficacy, little attention has been paid to their utility in burn treatment. The authors' purpose was to provide an analysis of the literature regarding the use of fat grafting and regenerative cells in the treatment of burn wounds to guide surgeons and scientists on their clinical use.
Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed by a thorough search of 12 terms using the PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases. Two hundred forty-one articles were subject to evaluation by predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: Six murine and 12 human studies were selected, including case-control studies, case series, and case reports. They describe histologic and clinical effects of fat grafting and regenerative cell therapy, including improvements in burn scar size and texture, enhanced angiogenesis, decreased inflammation, alleviation of pain, and return of function.
Conclusions: There is a dearth of randomized controlled trials and quantitative analysis supporting the efficacy of fat grafting and adipose regenerative cells in burns. However, the subjective improvements in scars are encouraging. The authors hope that this review will be a foundation for future studies and will highlight the breadth of knowledge yet to be explored by this therapy.
Clinical Question/level Of Evidence: Therapeutic, IV.
Obesity leads to a variety of health risks, and lead, which is ranked second in Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's priority list of harmful substances, may be more harmful to individuals that are obese. C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet or a high-fat diet with or without exposure to 1 g/L lead exposure in drinking water for 8 consecutive weeks. Serum and hepatic biochemistry analysis, histopathological observation, and RT-qPCR were used to explore the potential mechanism of liver damage in obese individuals after Pb exposure, and fecal microbiota transplantation was performed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in the progression of fatty liver disease.
Background: Gluteal hypoplasia and ptosis reduction are common concerns among patients seeking optimal body contouring in Peru and other countries. Although silicone implants are a traditional solution, they are not suitable for all patients. Fat grafting has emerged as an alternative, with various techniques aimed at enhancing fat graft viability and patient safety.
Adhesions in the deep infrapatellar region may occur as iatrogenic complications (e.g., after bone-patellar tendon-bone grafting), as part of arthrofibrosis or infrapatellar contracture syndrome, or owing to specific diseases such as Osgood-Schlatter disease.
Background: In order to obtain a natural but athletic contour through liposuction, the management of the male pectoral region is constantly changing. Cutting-edge methods including mammary gland excision and fat grafting to the pectoralis major have been created. There isn't yet a single method that can handle all long-term problems, like gynecomastia with eventual loss of pectoral definition, fat graft asymmetries, and/or unnatural definition.
Fatty acid oxidation is of uncertain importance in most stem cells. We show by C-palmitate tracing and metabolomic analysis that hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) engage in long-chain fatty acid oxidation that depends upon carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT1a) and hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HADHA) enzymes. CPT1a or HADHA deficiency had little or no effect on HSPCs or hematopoiesis in young adult mice.
