Background: Substrate accessibility to catalysts has been a dominant theme in theories of biomass deconstruction. However, current methods of quantifying accessibility do not elucidate mechanisms for increased accessibility due to changes in microstructure following pretreatment.
Results: We introduce methods for characterization of surface accessibility based on fine-scale microstructure of the plant cell wall as revealed by 3D electron tomography. These methods comprise a general framework, enabling analysis of image-based cell wall architecture using a flexible model of accessibility. We analyze corn stover cell walls, both native and after undergoing dilute acid pretreatment with and without a steam explosion process, as well as AFEX pretreatment.
Conclusion: Image-based measures provide useful information about how much pretreatments are able to increase biomass surface accessibility to a wide range of catalyst sizes. We find a strong dependence on probe size when measuring surface accessibility, with a substantial decrease in biomass surface accessibility to probe sizes above 5-10 nm radius compared to smaller probes.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4691013 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-015-0395-8 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Post-synthesis surface modification of Cu/Zr metal azolate framework: A pathway to highly sensitive electrochemical biosensors for atrazine detection.
Anal Chim Acta
February 2025
Dept. of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Background: Atrazine (ATZ), a pesticide that poses serious health problems, is observed in the environment, thereby prompting its periodic monitoring and control using functional biosensors. However, established methods for ATZ detection have limited applicability. Two-dimensional (2D) metal azolate frameworks (MAF) have a higher surface area per unit volume and provide easier access to active sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDigital recombinase polymerase amplification chip based on asymmetric contact angle composite interface.
Anal Chim Acta
February 2025
Institute of Microfluidic Chip Development in Biomedical Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. Electronic address:
Background: Digital recombinase polymerase amplification (dRPA) is an effective tool for the absolute quantification of nucleic acids and the detection of rare mutations. Due to the high viscosity or other physical properties of the reagent, this can compromise the accuracy and reproducibility of detection results, which limits the broader adoption and practical application of this technology. In this study, we developed an asymmetric contact angle digital isothermal detection (ACA-DID) chip and optimized the ACA-DID chip structure to achieve rapid digital recombinase polymerase amplification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMoxifloxacin-loaded PVA-chitosan composite films as potential ocular drug delivery systems: A comprehensive characterization and efficacy assessment.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, DRIEMS University, Tangi, Cuttack, Odisha, India. Electronic address:
To overcome the barriers often met by traditional ophthalmic formulations, polymeric films can be utilized as an alternative to enhance drug retention duration while managing medication release. In the current investigation, polymeric films made of poly (vinyl) alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) loaded with Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride (M-HCl) and plasticized with Glutaraldehyde were formulated as potential ophthalmic delivery for the treatment of conjunctivitis. The thickness, surface pH, opacity, folding endurance, and % hemolysis were measured, followed by the transparency, microscopy, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, swelling index, and invitro drug release studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeterologous Expression and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Recombinant Ikarugamycin Production.
Biotechnol Bioeng
January 2025
Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany.
Ikarugamycin is a member of the natural product family of the polycyclic tetramate macrolactams (PoTeMs). The compound exhibits a diverse range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, anti-leukemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, it interferes with several crucial cellular functions, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake in macrophages, Nef-induced CD4 cell surface downregulation, and mechanisms of endocytosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancing siRNA Therapeutics targeting MCT-4: A Multifaceted approach integrating Arithmetical Designing, Screening, and molecular dynamics validation.
Int Immunopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India. Electronic address:
Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT-4) is involved in various metabolic processes which are crucial in maintaining cellular pH and energy metabolism, and thus influence the tumor microenvironment. The study is aimed to rationally design effective Small interfering RNA (siRNA) that can silence MCT-4. We utilized a comprehensive workflow integrating multiple tools such as siDirect version 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!