Prostaglandins are long-chain, saturated, oxygenated fatty acids. Relatively large quantities of prostaglandins have been found in gut mucosa, suggesting that these substances play an important role in gastrointestinal physiology. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause damage to the gastric, intestinal, and colonic mucosa in experimental animals and in humans. Prostaglandins protect the gastric mucosa against injury induced by NSAIDs, and this property has been labelled cytoprotection. The mechanisms of cytoprotection have been extensively evaluated and are probably multifactorial, including effects on the gastric mucosal barrier, gastric blood flow, mucus, bicarbonate, and fluid section, ionic transport, cyclic AMP, and surface-active phospholipids. Prostaglandins may also prevent NSAID-induced injury in the small intestine and colon. The mechanisms responsible for prostaglandin protection in the lower gut against injurious agents are unknown. Further studies of the role of prostaglandins in the gut and their relationship to the effects of NSAIDs are needed. The results of these investigations may lead to a better understanding of the importance of prostaglandins in the physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, and may provide information regarding actions of NSAIDs on the functional integrity of the gastric, intestinal, and colonic mucosa.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-3579(89)80020-2 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Alleviates Airway Inflammation in Asthmatic Rats by Increasing the Level of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Intestine.
Inflammation
January 2025
College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion-Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
Asthma is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disorder of the respiratory tract that not only manifests with respiratory symptoms but also often involves intestinal flora disorders and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Recent studies have confirmed the close relationship between the gut and lungs, known as the "gut-lung axis" theory. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a method for restoring normal intestinal flora, has shown promise in treating common gastrointestinal diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Multifaceted Impact of Bioactive Lipids on Gut Health and Disease.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Bioactive lipids have a multifaceted role in health and disease and are recognized to play an important part in gut immunity and disease conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Advancements in lipidomics, enabled by mass spectrometry and chromatographic techniques, have enhanced our understanding of lipid diversity and functionality. Bioactive lipids, including short-chain fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, and sphingolipids, exhibit diverse effects on inflammation and immune regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular Docking of Key Compounds from Acacia Honey and Oil and Experimental Validation for Colitis Treatment in Albino Mice.
Biology (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, 17 Hoechstaedtplatz 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria.
Colitis, an inflammatory condition of the colon that encompasses ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease, presents significant challenges due to the limitations and side effects of current treatments. This study investigates the potential of natural products, specifically AH and NSO, as organic therapeutic agents for colitis. Molecular docking studies were conducted to identify the binding affinities and interaction mechanisms between the bioactive compounds in AH and NSO and proteins implicated in colitis, such as those involved in inflammation and oxidative stress pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResveratrol amplifies the anti-tumor effect of α-PD-1 by altering the intestinal microbiome and PGD2 content.
Gut Microbes
December 2025
Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
The anti-PD-1 mAb may be further considered along with PGD2 or active molecules that can promote PGD2 synthesis to enhance the anti-tumor immune response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTh17/Treg balance is regulated during the suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis treated by Astragalus polysaccharides via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
Brain Res Bull
January 2025
Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China. Electronic address:
The Th17/Treg imbalance is an important cause of immune cell infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) in multiple sclerosis (MS). The gut microbiota affects the Th17/Treg balance in the gut and in distal areas, such as the CNS, which further contributes to the onset and progression of MS. Our previous studies have shown that Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has a role in alleviating the clinical symptoms and demyelination of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, a classic MS model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!