Relics of ancient infections are abundant in eukaryote genomes, but little is known about how they evolve when they confer a functional benefit on their host. We show here, for the first time, that the virus-like particles shown to protect Venturia canescens eggs against host immunity are derived from a nudivirus genome incorporated by the parasitic wasp into its own genetic material. Nudivirus hijacking was also at the origin of protective particles from braconid wasps. However, we show here that the viral genes produce "liposomes" that wrap and deliver V. canescens virulence proteins, whereas the particles are used as gene transfer agents in braconid wasps. Our findings indicate that virus domestication has occurred repeatedly during parasitic wasp evolution but with different evolutionary trajectories after endogenization, resulting in different virulence molecule delivery strategies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501150 | DOI Listing |
Mol Biol (Mosk)
December 2024
Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234 Russia.
As a result of molecular domestication of the gag gene of errantiviruses, the Gagr gene was formed in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster. It has previously been shown that the Gagr gene is transcribed at the highest level in gut tissues relative to other tissues, and its transcription is most effectively induced in females in response to ammonium persulfate added to the nutrient medium. In the present work, the gut transcriptome of females with knockdown of the Gagr gene was studied in all tissues under standard conditions and under stress conditions caused by ammonium persulfate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Med Res
December 2024
Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Objective: This study aims to inform the prevention and treatment of infections in China by analyzing the molecular epidemiology and distribution patterns of the pathogen.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving a retrospective analysis of 64 clinical strains of isolated from January 2018 to April 2023 across various domestic regions. Patient information was collected from human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals in multiple hospitals located in 19 cities within China's southeastern coastal and southwestern regions.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16419, South Korea.
Introduction: Vaccines against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are being developed and supplied at an unprecedented rate. However, disparities in income levels among countries has influenced the supply and vaccination rate. This imbalance poses a potential risk factor, especially if vaccine-resistant variants emerge and the pandemic persists.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Food Microbiol
December 2024
German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:
The zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause acute and chronic hepatitis in humans. Meat from domestic pigs, which represent a major animal reservoir of HEV, plays a key role in HEV transmission. Although pork meat products can contain HEV-RNA, it is unknown whether infectious HEV is still present after their manufacturing process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Aims: To explore the prevalence of a mental health gender gap within a young adult sample during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify the impact of loneliness and domestic time use on young people's, and particularly young women's mental health.
Method: Using data from the UK Longitudinal Household Survey (UKHLS), this research examines mental health prior to the pandemic (2019) and during the pandemic (April 2020 until September 2021). A random-effects regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of loneliness, and domestic factors across age and gender to ascertain their contribution to the mental health gender gap in a young adult population.
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