When conducting uniformity measurements of a wide area reference source with a detector having a window of a size similar to that of a gridded individual portion area on the source, it is important to carefully consider neighbor effects on measuring emission rates of the individual target portion resulting from the gap between the source and detector window. Optimization of the uniformity measurement conditions was studied for beta-emitting wide area reference sources in this study. A measurement system consisting of a PR-gas (Ar: 90%+CH4: 10%) flow type windowed proportional counter and a motorized XY stage was installed. This system is adapted to the uniformity measurement of two different types of (36)Cl sources made by different manufacturers. Uniformity measurement of a 100mm×100mm source divided into 16 portions of 6.25cm(2) (25mm squared) each could be conducted using our system under the present conditions with a neighbor effect of around 15% or less. The measurement results by use of this system were also compared with those using the imaging plate technique.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.12.015 | DOI Listing |
Monash Bioeth Rev
January 2025
Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Thoracoabdominal normothermic regional perfusion (TA-NRP), a new method of controlled donation after circulatory death, seems to provide more and better organs for patients on organ transplant waiting lists compared to standard controlled donation after circulatory death. Despite its benefits, the ethical permissibility of TA-NRP is currently a highly debated issue. The recent statement published by the American College of Physicians (ACP) highlights the reasons for these debates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Economics, University Carlos III, Getafe, Spain.
Climate change is a spatial and temporarily non-uniform phenomenon that requires understanding its evolution to better evaluate its potential societal and economic impact. The value added of this paper lies in introducing a quantitative methodology grounded in the trend analysis of temperature distribution quantiles to analyze climate change heterogeneity (CCH). By converting these quantiles into time series objects, the methodology empowers the definition and measurement of various relevant concepts in climate change analysis (warming, warming typology, warming amplification and warming acceleration) in a straightforward and robust testable linear regression format.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Deployment of large numbers of low capital cost sensors to increase the spatial density of air quality measurements enables applications that build on mapping air at neighborhood scales. Effective deployment requires not only low capital costs for observations but also a simultaneous reduction in labor costs. The Berkeley Environmental Air Quality and CO Network (BEACON) is a sensor network measuring O, CO, NO, and NO, particulate matter (PM), and CO at dozens of locations in cities where it is deployed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
Context: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies on a genetic background largely determined by HLA class II haplotypes. Stage 1 T1D is characterized by the presence of multiple autoantibodies and normoglycemia.
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of high-risk HLA-DQB1 haplotypes and the extent of islet autoimmunity in pancreatic tissues from non-diabetic organ donors with autoantibodies.
J Phys Chem A
January 2025
College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Microwave-assisted evaporation technology is widely used today, but its molecular mechanism is not fully understood. To investigate the molecular mechanism of the influence of microwave electric field direction on water evaporation, this paper designed experiments to measure the microwave energy required to evaporate each gram of water with electric field directions parallel and perpendicular to the water surface. The temperature rise curve of the water is controlled to be consistent in both cases, and the temperature distribution of the water is made uniform by stirring.
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