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Evaluating ADHD medication trial representativeness: a Swedish population-based study comparing hypothetically trial-eligible and trial-ineligible individuals.
Lancet Psychiatry
January 2025
Developmental Evidence synthesis, Prediction, Implementation lab, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Hampshire and Isle of Wight NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, NY, USA; DiMePRe-J-Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Jonic Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating ADHD medications often use strict eligibility criteria, potentially limiting generalisability to patients in real-world clinical settings. We aimed to identify the proportion of individuals with ADHD who would be ineligible for medication RCTs and evaluate differences in treatment patterns and clinical and functional outcomes between RCT-eligible and RCT-ineligible individuals.
Methods: We used multiple Swedish national registries to identify individuals with ADHD, aged at least 4 years at the age of diagnosis, initiating pharmacological treatment between Jan 1, 2007, and Dec 31, 2019, with follow-up up to Dec 31, 2020.
Planetary Health Diet for Childhood Obesity Prevention: Integrating Nutritional Health with Environmental Stewardship.
Nutrients
December 2024
Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Background: Childhood obesity is a critical public health challenge with a rising prevalence worldwide, contributing to numerous health risks and long-term societal burdens. Concurrently, climate change and environmental degradation demand sustainable approaches to dietary patterns. The Planetary Health Diet (PHD), initially designed for adults, emphasizes plant-based foods and sustainable practices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncidence, case fatality, and functional outcome of intracerebral haemorrhage, according to age, sex, and country income level: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Lancet Reg Health Eur
February 2025
Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Background: Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 28% of all strokes worldwide. ICH has a high case fatality, and only few survivors recover to independent living. Over the past decades, demographic changes, and changes in prevalence and management of risk factors may have influenced incidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation between HPV vaccination and cervical screening policy changes and cervical cancer incidence and grade-3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence in England, 2006-2020: a population-based trends analysis.
Lancet Reg Health Eur
February 2025
Centre for Cancer Screening, Prevention and Early Diagnosis, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Background: Monitoring trends in diseases after the implementation of new public health interventions or policy changes is crucial for public health planning and surveillance. In this study we look at variations in rates of cervical cancer and grade-3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) incidence between 2006 and 2020 in England and relate them to predictions based on the changes in HPV vaccination and cervical screening policy.
Methods: Using population-based registry data, we estimated incidence rates and their 95% confidence intervals for cervical cancer and CIN3 by age group and by either year of diagnosis or 1-year birth cohort.
Impact of strategic public health interventions to reduce tuberculosis incidence in Brazil: a Bayesian structural time-series scenario analysis.
Lancet Reg Health Am
January 2025
Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Salvador, Brazil.
Background: Despite government efforts, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health threat in Brazil. In 2023, TB incidence was 39.8 cases per 100,000 population, far above the WHO's target of 6.
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