AI Article Synopsis
- Ultrasonic backscatter techniques are being refined to detect changes in cancellous bone due to osteoporosis, focusing on the apparent backscatter transfer function (ABTF).
- The study characterizes the ABTF across various gate delays (1 μs to 6 μs) and widths (1 μs to 6 μs) using measurements from human cancellous bone specimens in the frequency range of 1.5 to 6.0 MHz.
- Results showed that the ABTF is primarily linear with frequency, with significant changes in measurements influenced more by gate delay (τd) than by gate width (τw), impacting the correlation of measured parameters with bone density.
Article Abstract
Ultrasonic backscatter techniques are being developed to detect changes in cancellous bone caused by osteoporosis. Many techniques are based on measurements of the apparent backscatter transfer function (ABTF), which represents the backscattered power from bone corrected for the frequency response of the measurement system. The ABTF is determined from a portion of the backscatter signal selected by an analysis gate of width τw delayed by an amount τd from the start of the signal. The goal of this study was to characterize the ABTF for a wide range of gate delays (1 μs ≤ τd ≤ 6 μs) and gate widths (1 μs ≤ τw ≤ 6 μs). Measurements were performed on 29 specimens of human cancellous bone in the frequency range 1.5 to 6.0 MHz using a broadband 5-MHz transducer. The ABTF was found to be an approximately linear function of frequency for most choices of τd and τw. Changes in τd and τw caused the frequency-averaged ABTF [quantified by apparent integrated backscatter (AIB)] and the frequency dependence of the ABTF [quantified by frequency slope of apparent backscatter (FSAB)] to change by as much as 24.6 dB and 6.7 dB/MHz, respectively. τd strongly influenced the measured values of AIB and FSAB and the correlation of AIB with bone density (-0.95 ≤ R ≤ +0.68). The correlation of FSAB with bone density was influenced less strongly by τd (-0.97 ≤ R ≤ -0.87). τw had a weaker influence than τd on the measured values of AIB and FSAB and the correlation of these parameters with bone density.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2015.007299 | DOI Listing |
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