We present the case of a 60-year-old male diagnosed with end stage renal disease due to polycystic kidney disease (urinary flow rate between 100-150mL/24h) in the study to enter renal transplantation waiting list. The patient complained of a right inguinoscrotal bulky mass, first noticed several years before. Physical examination suggested an irreducible inguinoscrotal hernia and surgical repair was offered before transplantation.
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Epilepsia
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Objective: Temporal encephaloceles (TEs) are seen in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE); yet they are also common incidental findings. Variability in institutional pre-surgical epilepsy practices and interpretation of epileptogenic network localization contributes to bias in existing epilepsy cohorts with TE, and therefore the relevance of TE in DRE remains controversial. We sought to estimate effect sizes and sample sizes necessary to demonstrate clinically relevant improvements in seizure outcome with different surgical approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Otolaryngology, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
BACKGROUND The thyroglossal duct cyst, which develops from the midline migratory tract between the foramen cecum and the anatomic location of the thyroid, is the most prevalent congenital abnormality of the neck, accounting for about 70% of all cervical neck masses in children and 7% in adults. Only up to 1% of these abnormalities contain malignant thyroid tissue, with 90% of those cases being papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroglossal duct cyst is rarely linked to carcinoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenat Diagn
January 2025
Àrea de Genètica Clínica i Molecular, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain.
Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the frequency of pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) classified as incidental findings (IFs) in prenatal diagnosis and to develop consensus recommendations for standardizing their reporting across six centers within the Catalan public health system (XIGENICS network).
Method: A retrospective review of 4219 consecutive prenatal microarrays performed within the network from 2018 to 2023 was conducted, including all referral reasons. To develop consensus recommendations, several discussion meetings were held along with an extensive review of the existing literature.
Pediatr Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Cross-sectional cardiac imaging plays an essential role in the evaluation of pediatric patients with congenital and acquired heart disease. While the focus of cardiac imaging is primarily on evaluating cardiac structures, it also provides valuable insights into extracardiac structures and associated abnormalities. The radiologists and cardiologists interpreting these exams play a critical role in recognizing these findings and providing recommendations for follow-up testing when indicated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroscience
January 2025
Human Communication, Learning, and Development, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, China.
The human brain possesses the ability to automatically extract statistical regularities from environmental inputs, including visual-graphic symbols and printed units. However, the specific brain regions underlying the statistical learning of these visual-graphic symbols or artificial orthography remain unclear. This study utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with an artificial orthography learning paradigm to measure brain activities associated with the statistical learning of radical positional regularities embedded in pseudocharacters containing high (100%), moderate (80%), and low (60%) levels of consistency, along with a series of random abstract figures.
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