Ultrasound duplex scanning (USD) was used to study dynamics of the state of the proximal portion of the thrombus in patients presenting with acute varicothrombophlebitis of saphenous veins during conservative treatment. We examined a total of fifty-four 29-to-78-year-old (mean age 53.5 years) patients with acute varicothrombophlebitis of saphenous veins, including 15 (27.8%) men and 39 (72.2%) women. USD was used to determine: localization and extent of thrombosis, proximal level of the thrombus, presence of the free portion of the thrombus, density and structure of the proximal and distal portion of the thrombus, thickness of the inflamed venous wall and paravasal fat at the level of the proximal and distal portions of the thrombus. Twelve (22.2%) patients were found to have signs of thrombus flotation with high embologenic risk; these patients underwent the operation of Troyanov-Trendelenburg and were excluded from the study. The remaining 42 patients received conservative treatment and were dynamically followed up by means of USD. All patients on the background of comprehensive conservative treatment showed positive dynamics consisting in decreased mass and density of the thrombus, shift of its proximal border in the distal direction, decreased thickness of the inflamed venous wall and paravasal fat. Two variants of dynamics were singled out: relatively rapid (during a week) - group 1 (n=11) and relatively slow (during one month) - group 2 (n=31). It was determined that the most significant factors promoting rapid lysis of the proximal portion of the thrombus were as follows: the term of seeking medical attention (duration of thrombosis), low echogenicity of the thrombus, cellular pattern of the thrombus and thickness of the paravasal fat. A conclusion was drawn that monitoring of the state of the proximal portion of the thrombus by means of USD makes it possible to maximally approach solving the problem of individualized treatment of patients with thrombosis of saphenous veins.
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