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Current methods for halitosis diagnosis and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic: an international survey.
J Breath Res
January 2025
Department of Periodontology and Oral Health Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Halitosis specialists can be found all over the world, but very little is known about how they approach patients with halitosis complaints. Therefore, this web-based questionnaire study tried to reach as many of them to gain insight in their methods and tools used to diagnose the condition. Since this study was carried out in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, its impact was also examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPractical implications of equating equivalence tests: Reply to Campbell and Gustafson (2022).
Psychol Methods
June 2024
Unit of Psychometrics and Statistics, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen.
Linde et al. (2021) compared the "two one-sided tests" the "highest density interval-region of practical equivalence", and the "interval Bayes factor" approaches to establishing equivalence in terms of power and Type I error rate using typical decision thresholds. They found that the interval Bayes factor approach exhibited a higher power but also a higher Type I error rate than the other approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe diagnostic and triage accuracy of the GPT-3 artificial intelligence model: an observational study.
Lancet Digit Health
August 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in health care have been effective in many areas of medicine, but they are often trained for a single task using labelled data, making deployment and generalisability challenging. How well a general-purpose AI language model performs diagnosis and triage relative to physicians and laypeople is not well understood.
Methods: We compared the predictive accuracy of Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3)'s diagnostic and triage ability for 48 validated synthetic case vignettes (<50 words; sixth-grade reading level or below) of both common (eg, viral illness) and severe (eg, heart attack) conditions to a nationally representative sample of 5000 lay people from the USA who could use the internet to find the correct options and 21 practising physicians at Harvard Medical School.
The Bayes factor, HDI-ROPE, and frequentist equivalence tests can all be reverse engineered-Almost exactly-From one another: Reply to Linde et al. (2021).
Psychol Methods
June 2024
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia.
Following an extensive simulation study comparing the operating characteristics of three different procedures used for establishing equivalence (the frequentist "TOST," the Bayesian "HDI-ROPE," and the Bayes factor interval null procedure), Linde et al. (2021) conclude with the recommendation that "researchers rely more on the Bayes factor interval null approach for quantifying evidence for equivalence" (p. 1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Reply to Serum Free Light Chain and Drift: Calibrator Adjustment Needed?
J Appl Lab Med
March 2024
Department of Laboratory Medine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
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