We describe the case of an 85-year-old man diagnosed with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia whose disease was treated with hydroxyurea for 3 months. He developed respiratory symptoms that were extensively investigated. Despite the intensive treatment, he died of respiratory failure eleven days later. An autopsy revealed diffuse interstitial inflammation of both lungs consistent with drug-induced inflammation. A drug lymphocyte stimulation test was positive for hydroxyurea. Taken together these findings demonstrated that severe interstitial pneumonitis was induced by this drug. Physicians using hydroxyurea must be aware of its potentially life-threatening pulmonary toxicity.
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Article Synopsis
- Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a complex blood cell disorder that combines poorly functioning and overproducing blood cells, leading to various symptoms.
- The case study focuses on a 71-year-old man with severe CMML who experienced skin nodules that improved with treatment but later recurred, while avoiding progression to acute leukemia.
- The findings emphasize the importance of close monitoring and flexible treatment approaches for patients with CMML, especially those with skin involvement.
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