This study sought to predict driving performance of drivers with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using measures of attention, visual processing, and global cognition. Simulated driving performance of individuals with mild AD (n = 20) was contrasted with performance of a group of healthy controls (n = 21). Performance on measures of global cognitive function and specific tests of attention and visual processing were examined in relation to simulated driving performance. Strong associations were observed between measures of attention, notably the Test of Everyday Attention (sustained attention; r = -.651, P = .002) and the Useful Field of View (r = .563, P = .010), and driving performance among drivers with mild AD. The Visual Object and Space Perception Test-object was significantly correlated with the occurrence of crashes (r = .652, P = .002). Tests of global cognition did not correlate with simulated driving outcomes. The results suggest that professionals exercise caution when extrapolating driving performance based on global cognitive indicators.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317515618898 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
Conventional dark-tone paints absorb both visible light and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, posing a challenge for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) recognition in autonomous driving. To overcome this issue, various chemical and structural coating materials have been explored to selectively reflect NIR. In this study, we newly propose colloidal photonic crystals with a stopband in the NIR range, fabricated through the spontaneous formation of crystalline arrays of silica particles dispersed in a photocurable resin, as a potential solution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Chem Biol
January 2025
Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Electronic address:
Microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) drives various globally important environmental phenomena and has biotechnology applications. Diverse prokaryotes have been proposed to perform EET via surface-displayed "nanowires" composed of multi-heme cytochromes. However, the mechanism that enables only a few cytochromes to polymerize into nanowires is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
Discipline of Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Newcastle, New South Whales 2308, Australia; School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia. Electronic address:
Microplastics are ubiquitous and appear to be harmful, however, the full extent to which these inflict harm has not been fully elucidated. Analysing environmental sample data is challenging, as the complexity in real data makes both automated and manual analysis either unreliable or time-consuming. To address challenges, we explored a dense feed-forward neural network (DNN) for classifying Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States.
Most traditional optical biosensors operate through molecular recognition, where ligand binding causes conformational changes that lead to optical perturbations in the emitting motif. Optical sensors developed from single-stranded DNA-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (ssDNA-SWCNTs) have started to make useful contributions to biological research. However, the mechanisms underlying their function have remained poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Exp Immunol
January 2025
Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex auto-inflammatory disease affecting the brain and spinal cord, which results in axonal de-myelination and symptoms including fatigue, pain, and difficulties with vision and mobility. The involvement of the immune system in the pathology of MS is well established, particularly the adaptive T cell response, and there has been a particular focus on the IL-17-producing subset of Th17 cells and their role in driving disease. However, the importance of innate immune cells has not been so well characterised.
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