Background: Nigeria ranks 10th among 22 high TB burden countries with low TB case detection that relies on passive case finding. Although there is increasing body of evidence that active case finding (ACF) has improved TB case finding in urban slums in some parts of the world, this strategy had not been implemented in Nigeria despite the pervasiveness of urban slums in the country.
Objective: To assess the yield and profile of TB in urban slums in Nigeria through ACF.
Methods: A prospective, implementation study was conducted in three urban slums of southeastern Nigeria. Individuals with TB symptoms were identified through targeted screening using a standardized questionnaire and investigated further for TB. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed using SPSS.
Results: Among 16,743 individuals screened for TB, 6361 (38.0%) were identified as TB suspects; 5894 suspects were evaluated for TB. TB was diagnosed in 1079 individuals, representing 6.4% of the screened population and 18.3% of those evaluated for TB. Of the 1079 cases found, 97.1% (n=1084) had pulmonary TB (PTB), and majority (65%) had new smear-positive TB. Children (<15years) accounted for 6.7% of the cases. Also, 22.6% (216) of the cases were HIV co-infected, among whom 55.1% (n=119) were females. The average number of individuals needed to screen to find a case of TB was 16.
Conclusions: There is high prevalence of TB in Nigeria slum population. Targeted screening of out-patients, TB contacts, and HIV-infected patients should be optimized for active TB case finding in Nigeria.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmyco.2014.12.007 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitosis in children from an urban slum in Brazil: a cross-sectional study.
Rev Paul Pediatr
January 2025
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and investigate the factors associated with intestinal parasitic diseases in children from an urban slum in Brazil.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in children living in SEWA community, an urban slum located in Araguari, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was determined via stool parasitological examination by spontaneous sedimentation.
Mobile health van as an intervention to provide clinical support and health promotion to street children and marginalised populations in the National Capital Region of Delhi: a mixed-methods evaluation.
BMJ Paediatr Open
January 2025
University of New South Wales School of Women's and Children's Health, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
Background: Urban health challenges, particularly for street and slum-dwelling children and families, have emerged as one of the most significant health concerns in India. While there is little published on effective healthcare delivery to these populations, mobile health vans (MHV) have been proposed as a proactive pathway to providing outreach healthcare. Our aims were to evaluate the impact of Bal Umang Drishya Sanstha (BUDS) MHV in providing health and support services to the urban slum populations in Delhi National Capital Region (NCR), focusing on benefits to children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognitive Health Costs of Poor Housing for Women: Exploring Executive Function and Housing Stress in Urban Slums in India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
December 2024
Design Studies Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
An increasing body of literature has investigated the implications of housing quality on health, confirming the negative consequences of poor housing quality on physical and mental health. Despite this increased focus on the salutogenic impacts of housing, the relationship between housing quality and cognitive health remains understudied. This study examined how the housing quality in urban informal settlements, where living conditions are often substandard, affects women's cognitive functioning, with a specific focus on executive function (EF) skills.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHomelessness is a growing concern in the United States, especially among people who use drugs (PWUD). The degree of material hardship among this population may be linked to worse health outcomes. PWUD experiencing homelessness in urban areas are increasingly subjected to policies and social treatment, such as forced displacement, which may worsen material hardship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-World Particle Emissions from a Modern Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicle during Normal Operation and DPF Regeneration Events: Impacts on Disadvantaged Communities.
Environ Sci Technol
January 2025
Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, 1084 Columbia Avenue, Riverside, California 92507, United States.
We assessed the real-world particulate emissions of a goods movement diesel vehicle, with an emphasis on total particle number and solid particle number emissions at different cutoff sizes. The vehicle was tested on routes in the South Coast Air Basin (SCAB) of California, representative of typical goods movement operation between the ports to warehouses and logistic centers with a mixture of urban and highway driving, as well as elevation change. We evaluated emissions during normal vehicle operation and diesel particulate filter (DPF) active regeneration events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!