Sources of C-rich particles at work places in two aluminium smelters in Norway were studied by transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Based on morphology, nanostructure and chemistry, three different types of C-rich particles are distinguished: (a) chain-like agglomerates (70-100% by number, relative to the sum of C-rich particles) consisting of primary particles with typical onion-shell structure of graphene layers, (b) multi-walled carbon nanotube particles (≈3%) and (c) spheres or agglomerates of amorphous C-rich particles (0-30%). Chain-like agglomerates are interpreted as diesel soot in accordance with literature data on primary particle diameter, chemical composition and nanostructure of primary particles. The source of the observed multi-walled carbon nanotubes is not known. The amorphous C-rich particles most likely consist of organic carbon species which cannot be characterized further by X-ray microanalysis. Unaltered graphitic electrode material was not found among the C-rich particles. The high fraction of diesel soot particles indicates that elemental carbon is generally suited as proxy for diesel soot in aluminium smelters. However, due to the presence of carbon nanotubes and amorphous C-rich particles, detailed characterization of sources of carbon-rich particles by electron microscopy is recommended for accurate assessment of adverse health effects.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-9217-x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Portable Aptasensor Based on Parallel Rolling Circle Amplification for Tumor-Derived Exosomes Liquid Biopsy.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
August 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Here, a separation-free and label-free portable aptasensor is developed for rapid and sensitive analysis of tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs). It integrated a parallel rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction, selective binding of metal ions or small molecules to nucleic acid-specific conformations, and a low-cost, highly sensitive handheld fluorometer. Lung cancer, for example, is targeted with two typical biomarkers (mucin 1 and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)) on its exosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNH in the atmosphere of a cool brown dwarf.
Nature
December 2023
UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Brown dwarfs serve as ideal laboratories for studying the atmospheres of giant exoplanets on wide orbits, as the governing physical and chemical processes within them are nearly identical. Understanding the formation of gas-giant planets is challenging, often involving the endeavour to link atmospheric abundance ratios, such as the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio, to formation scenarios. However, the complexity of planet formation requires further tracers, as the unambiguous interpretation of the measured C/O ratio is fraught with complexity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeck Migratory Insertion Catalyzed by a Single Pt Atom Site.
J Am Chem Soc
November 2023
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have generated excitement for their potential to downsize metal particles to the atomic limit with engineerable local environments and improved catalytic reactivities and selectivities. However, successes have been limited to small-molecule transformations with little progress toward targeting complex-building reactions, such as metal-catalyzed cross-coupling. Using a supercritical carbon-dioxide-assisted protocol, we report a heterogeneous single-atom Pt-catalyzed Heck reaction, which provides the first C-C bond-forming migratory insertion on SACs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysical and chemical characteristics of particles emitted by a passenger vehicle at the tire-road contact.
Chemosphere
November 2023
Environment-Planning, Safety and Eco-design (EASE-AME) Laboratory, Gustave Eiffel University, 77454, Marne-la-Vallée, France.
Non-exhaust emissions are now recognized as a significant source of atmospheric particulate matter and the trend towards a reduction of conventionally fueled internal combustion engine vehicles on the road is increasing their contribution to air pollution due to lower exhaust emissions. These particles include brake wear particles (BWP) and tire-road contact particles (TRCP), which are composed of tire wear particles (TWP), road wear particles (RWP) and resuspended road dust (RRD). The goal of this study has therefore been to design an original experimental approach to provide insight into the chemical composition of particles emitted at the tire-road contact, focusing on the micron (PM) and submicron (PM) fractions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitamin A- and C-rich fruit derived superparamagnetic nanoparticles synthesis, characterization, and their cytotoxicity.
Afr Health Sci
March 2022
Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Recently, green nanoparticles are gaining importance in drug development because of their lower toxicity, sustainability, cost effectiveness, simplicity, and ecofriendly nature compared with toxic chemicals.
Objective: In this study, we developed a nontoxic method for synthesizing iron oxide nanoparticles by using the fruit of Pouteria caimito that is rich in vitamin A and C and evaluated their cytotoxicity.
Methods: Pouteria caimito fruit¬-derived superparamagnetic nanoparticles (PCSNs) were characterized using physical and chemical methods, and their cytotoxicity was examined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!