AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare two commercial tests for Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in HIV-positive patients and assess the chronicity of HEV in controlled HIV infections.
- A total of 246 patients were tested, revealing that the Wantai assay identified more cases of anti-HEV antibodies compared to the MP assay, with none of the patients testing positive for HEV RNA.
- Interestingly, about 25% of the HIV patients showed previous exposure to HEV, but the risk of developing chronic HEV infection was low among those on proper antiretroviral therapy, highlighting the variability in HEV test results across different assays.
Article Abstract
Objectives: Cases of chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection have been described in HIV-infected patients. There are several commercial anti-HEV assays, but anti-HEV seroprevalence rates differ largely depending on the assay used. The aim of this study was to (1) compare two commercial anti-HEV assays in a German cohort of HIV-positive individuals, and (2) determine whether HEV takes chronic courses in controlled HIV infection.
Methods: 246 HIV patients were tested for both HEV RNA and HEV antibodies. All patients received antiretroviral therapy, if this was indicated, according to European guidelines. All but 19 individuals had CD4+ counts above 200/µl. Anti-HEV IgG was determined by two independent commercial assays (Wantai and MP).
Results: None of the patients tested HEV RNA positive. Anti-HEV IgG was detected more frequently by the Wantai assay (26%) than the MP assay (1.6%, p < 0.001). Patients born in Europe tested more frequently positive for anti-HEV (p = 0.047) than individuals from other regions. Increasing age but not CD4 count correlated with a higher likelihood of anti-HEV positivity (R = 0.313, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: About one quarter of HIV-infected patients show evidence of previous HEV contact. The risk of developing chronic HEV infection is very low in individuals receiving appropriate antiretroviral therapy. The large variability in HEV seroprevalence rates determined by different assays requires consideration for the diagnostic workup of HIV patients.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000441472 | DOI Listing |
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