Placental site trophoblastic tumor: a case report and review of the literature.

J Radiol Case Rep

Department of Pathology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal.

Published: April 2015

AI Article Synopsis

  • A 1st-time mother experienced 11 months of no menstruation after a cesarean section and was on birth control pills when she was diagnosed with a rare placental site trophoblastic tumor.
  • The diagnosis followed a biopsy and was indicated by slightly elevated β-hCG levels, an enlarged uterus, and hematometra.
  • This tumor is resistant to chemotherapy, complicating treatment; localized cases are managed with surgery, while those that have spread require more aggressive treatment options.

Article Abstract

We present a case of a gravida 1 para 1 woman, who presented with an 11-month history of amenorrhea after cesarean delivery. The patient was taking birth control pills at the time of presentation. She was observed with a slight elevation of serum β-hCG level, an enlarged heterogeneous uterus and hematometra. A biopsy was performed, and the patient was diagnosed with placental site trophoblastic tumor; the patient then underwent surgery. Placental site trophoblastic tumor is the rarest form of gestational trophoblastic disease, derived from intermediate trophoblast cells. It does not have a pathognomonic appearance; therefore, correlation with medical history, as well as results of laboratory tests and pathological analysis is mandatory. It is a relatively chemoresistant tumor, posing considerable therapeutic challenges; patients with localized disease are managed with surgery and those with metastatic disease require additional chemotherapy. Herein, we review the main features of this entity and top differential diagnosis, as the rarity of this tumor is associated with imaging and pathological pitfalls, reinforcing the need for further experience in this field.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4638365PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3941/jrcr.v9i4.2146DOI Listing

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