Delusions are a hallmark positive symptom of schizophrenia, although they are also associated with a wide variety of other psychiatric and neurological disorders. The heterogeneity of clinical presentation and underlying disease, along with a lack of experimental animal models, make delusions exceptionally difficult to study in isolation, either in schizophrenia or other diseases. To date, no detailed studies have focused specifically on the neural mechanisms of delusion, although some studies have reported characteristic activation of specific brain areas or networks associated with them. Here, we present a novel hypothesis and extant supporting evidence implicating the claustrum, a relatively poorly understood forebrain nucleus, as a potential common center for delusional states.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00158 | DOI Listing |
Psychiatry Res
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
In 1994, the DSM-IV added the specifier "with poor insight" to the diagnostic criteria of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The DSM-5 went one step further and now allows clinicians to diagnose OCD "with absent insight/delusional beliefs," thereby blurring the long-standing distinction between OCD and psychosis. The present study surveyed OCD experts as to their opinions on the insight specifier and the future classification of OCD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Psychol Rev
December 2024
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Germany.
The degree to which numerous existing models of delusion formation disagree or propose common mechanisms remains unclear. To achieve a comprehensive understanding of delusion aetiology, we summarised 53 theoretical models of delusions extracted from a systematic literature search. We identified central aspects and unique or overarching features of five core perspectives: cognitive (n = 22), associative learning (n = 4), social (n = 6), neurobiological (n = 6), and Bayesian inference (n = 15).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
April 2024
Department of Psychology, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Hallucinations and delusions can be symptoms of psychiatric illness, but more often—though less commonly known—are actually part of a healthy range of experiences found throughout the general population. The studies in this Special Collection paint a picture of the wide range of hallucinatory and delusional experiences across diverse populations, as well as comparative perspectives between clinical and non-clinical samples. In this editorial, I make three related points that are exemplified in the articles published here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeriatr Gerontol Int
March 2024
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo, Japan.
Aim: This study explores the intricate relationship between social interactions and the development of persecutory delusions among older women living alone in Japan. Focusing on the unique perspective of individuals experiencing delusions outside clinical settings, the aim was to understand the impact of interpersonal interactions on delusion formation.
Methods: Cases of older women living alone with persecutory delusions were selected from records of municipal psychogeriatric services and medical consultations within a community space.
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