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Effects of conditional cash transfers on tuberculosis incidence and mortality according to race, ethnicity and socioeconomic factors in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.
Nat Med
January 2025
Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia (ISC/UFBA), Salvador, Brazil.
Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs have been implemented globally to alleviate poverty. Although tuberculosis (TB) is closely linked to poverty, the effects of CCT on TB outcomes among populations facing social and economic vulnerabilities remain uncertain. Here we estimated the associations between participation in the world's largest CCT program, the Brazilian Bolsa Família Program (BFP), and the reduction of TB incidence, mortality and case-fatality rates using the nationwide 100 Million Brazilian Cohort between 2004 and 2015.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImplementing a closed loop clinical decision support system for sustainable preoperative care.
NPJ Digit Med
January 2025
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
Unnecessary preoperative testing poses a risk to patient safety, causes surgical delays, and increases healthcare costs. We describe the effects of implementing a fully EHR-integrated closed-loop clinical decision support system (CDSS) for placing automatic preprocedural test orders at two teaching hospitals in Madrid, Spain. Interrupted time series analysis was performed to evaluate changes in rates of preoperative testing after CDSS implementation, which took place from September 2019 to December 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Orbassano, Italy.
Background: Understanding the neuronal mechanisms of learning and memory is one of the major goals in neurophysiology and neuropsychology. Disorders related to memory consolidation are often the consequences of dynamic plasticity changes, which may lead to a reduction in spine number and density, impairing neural networks. Sleep is one of the major physiological prerequisites for memory consolidation, especially during NREM sleepwhen glymphatic system clearance takes place, too.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Rome, Italy.
Background: Brain insulin resistance (bIR) heavily impacts on the core pathological processes of aging and Alzheimer disease (AD) since insulin regulates brain metabolism and cognitive functions. A close link among bIR, oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial defects exists, that contributes to brain dysfunctions observed in AD. Intriguingly, several studies suggest that intranasal insulin treatment (INI) enhances cognitive performance and reduced AD neuropathology both in humans and murine models of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Background: Close to 80 to 90% of subjects with AD also present cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) a disease in which amyloid accumulation damages the vasculature an impairs blood flow. Since current AD therapies are targeting the disease focusing on amyloid, we are interested on determine how to decrease the accumulation of amyloid in the vasculature observed in CAA and our aim is to determine the impact of tau reduction in CAA pathogenesis.
Method: We crossed the Tg-FDD mice CAA model with Mapt mice to decrease tau levels and analyzed the disease pathogenesis in the different genotypes though behavioral tests, histological and morphometric assays and transcriptomic analysis using the nCounter neuroimmflamation panel from Nanostring.
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