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| http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0024690 | DOI Listing |
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A safe-enhanced fully closed-loop artificial pancreas controller based on deep reinforcement learning.
PLoS One
January 2025
Institute of Visual Informatics, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Malaysia.
Patients with type 1 diabetes and their physicians have long desired a fully closed-loop artificial pancreas (AP) system that can alleviate the burden of blood glucose regulation. Although deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods theoretically enable adaptive insulin dosing control, they face numerous challenges, including safety and training efficiency, which have hindered their clinical application. This paper proposes a safe and efficient adaptive insulin delivery controller based on DRL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurden and attributable risk factors of non-communicable diseases and subtypes in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.
Int J Surg
January 2025
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR.
Background: Understanding based on up-to-date data on the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is limited, especially regarding how subtypes contribute to the overall NCD burden and the attributable risk factors across locations and subtypes. We aimed to report the global, regional, and national burden of NCDs, subtypes, and attributable risk factors in 2021, and trends from 1990 to 2021 by age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI).
Materials And Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to estimate the prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for NCDs and subtypes, along with attributable risk factors.
The Changing pathogenesis of liver cancer in Hawaii over three decades.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
January 2025
Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States.
Background: Worldwide trends support the increasing contribution of hepatic steatosis on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigates if similar changes are seen in Hawaii, where the incidence of HCC is higher than most of the United States. Methods; This is a retrospective study of 1651 patients diagnosed with HCC (1991-2023) that includes 60-70% of Hawaii's HCC cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantifying years of life lost in Australia: a multiple cause of death analysis.
Int J Epidemiol
December 2024
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Background: Deaths in Australia and other high-income countries increasingly involve multiple conditions. However, key burden of disease measures typically only use the underlying cause of death (UC). We quantified sex and cause-specific years of life lost (YLL) based on UC compared with a method integrating multiple causes of death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe burden of cutaneous fungal infections in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.
Pak J Med Sci
January 2025
Aisha Faheem, M.Sc. (Biotechnology), MBA (Pharmaceutical Management) Research Assistant, Dow Research Institute of, Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, Karachi Pakistan.
Objective: In Pakistan, the real extent of fungal infection is unknown. Our objective was to estimate the burden of major fungal diseases here to emphasize their public health importance.
Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical records (January 2019 - December 2019) of 863 patients diagnosed with superficial fungal infection (SFI) were reviewed at the dermatology department of Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) Karachi.
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