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Facial Expression Perception and Psychological Changes During Space Analogs.
Aerosp Med Hum Perform
December 2024
Introduction: Facial expression perception is the process by which someone can interpret the emotion of another individual using their facial cues. Below-average scores on tests designed to measure facial expression recognition (FER) accuracies are associated with inappropriate behavioral responses and are often linked to mental or neurological disorders. Head-down bed rest microgravity analog studies show changes in facial emotion processing that may indicate a behavioral health risk during spaceflight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn experiential learning exercise in understanding social determinants of health in an urban pediatric residency program.
J Natl Med Assoc
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The Shopping Assignment helps pediatric residents learn about social determinants of health (SDOH) by simulating the financial restrictions of a fictional family supported by health services.
- Over 20 years, 168 residents completed the assignment, with 86% passing, demonstrating that groups performed better than individuals, and success was not influenced by gender or medical school location.
- The study concluded that the assignment effectively increased residents' understanding of SDOH and fostered empathy for future patients, providing a measurable way to track experiential learning.
Empathy Development in Preschoolers With/Without Hearing Loss and Its Associations with Social-Emotional Functioning.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol
December 2024
Unit of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Empathy plays a crucial role in children's social-emotional development. There is an increasing trend in recent studies to recognize empathy as a multi-dimensional construct, consisting of three distinct hierarchical levels: emotion contagion, attention to others' feelings and prosocial behaviors (Hoffman, Motiv Emot, 14(2), 151-172, 1990). The present study is amongst the first to use a longitudinal approach to examine the development trajectories of the distinct empathic levels, based on a sample of Chinese preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years, half of the sample being deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetics, Epigenetics, and the Environment: Are Precision Medicine, Provider Compassion, and Social Justice Effective Public Health Measures to Mitigate Disease Risk and Severity?
Int J Environ Res Public Health
November 2024
Department of Medical Humanities, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA.
Environmental forces impacting public health include exposure to toxic substances, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), diet, and exercise. Here, we examine the first two of these forces in some detail since they may be amenable to correction through cultural, medical, and practitioner intervention. At the same time, changing people's dietary and exercise routines are likely more resistant to these interventions and are referred to only incidentally in this review.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParental Issues and Support Needs in Selective Mutism in Japan: A Quantitative Content Analysis.
Yonago Acta Med
November 2024
Department of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan.
Background: Selective mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder in which children struggle to speak in specific social situations, and parents often have trouble coping with their child's symptoms. We analyzed parents' issues and support needs regarding SM through their responses to two open-ended questions, examining how these needs varied with diagnosis and comorbid conditions.
Methods: Quantitative content analysis was conducted on responses obtained from 70 parents of children with SM (ages 29-63 years) recruited through SM information exchange group and social networking service.
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