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Staphylococcus aureus is globally one of the most important pathogens causing contagious mastitis in cattle. Previous studies using ribosomal spacer (RS)-PCR, however, demonstrated in Swiss cows that Staph. aureus isolated from bovine intramammary infections are genetically heterogeneous, with Staph. aureus genotype B (GTB) and GTC being the most prominent genotypes. Furthermore, Staph. aureus GTB was found to be contagious, whereas Staph. aureus GTC and all the remaining genotypes were involved in individual cow disease. In addition to RS-PCR, other methods for subtyping Staph. aureus are known, including spa typing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). They are based on sequencing the spa and various housekeeping genes, respectively. The aim of the present study was to compare the 3 analytic methods using 456 strains of Staph. aureus isolated from milk of bovine intramammary infections and bulk tanks obtained from 12 European countries. Furthermore, the phylogeny of animal Staph. aureus was inferred and the zoonotic transfer of Staph. aureus between cattle and humans was studied. The analyzed strains could be grouped into 6 genotypic clusters, with CLB, CLC, and CLR being the most prominent ones. Comparing the 3 subtyping methods, RS-PCR showed the highest resolution, followed by spa typing and MLST. We found associations among the methods but in many cases they were unsatisfactory except for CLB and CLC. Cluster CLB was positive for clonal complex (CC)8 in 99% of the cases and typically positive for t2953; it is the cattle-adapted form of CC8. Cluster CLC was always positive for tbl 2645 and typically positive for CC705. For CLR and the remaining subtypes, links among the 3 methods were generally poor. Bovine Staph. aureus is highly clonal and a few clones predominate. Animal Staph. aureus always evolve from human strains, such that every human strain may be the ancestor of a novel animal-adapted strain. The zoonotic transfer of IMI- and milk-associated strains of Staph. aureus between cattle and humans seems to be very limited and different hosts are not considered as a source for mutual, spontaneous infections. Spillover events, however, may happen.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9589 | DOI Listing |
Small
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
Traditional microneedle (MN) technology offers unique advantages in treating wound infections; however, its single-function design lacks the capability for real-time monitoring of wound conditions, often resulting in uncontrolled drug release. Herein, an anti-infective and intelligent MN patch (SP-CSMN) integrating three functional modules is developed, including temperature monitoring, Bluetooth wireless communication, and responsive drug release. The patch employed chitosan (CS) as a porous substrate, filled with temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) to encapsulate and release the antibiotic rifampicin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWei Sheng Yan Jiu
November 2024
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan 750004, China.
Objective: To investigate the molecular typing characteristics, drug resistance status and drug resistance gene carrying of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus in Ningxia.
Methods: Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food safety risk monitoring project in Ningxia in the past ten years were collected, drug resistance was detected using microbroth dilution method, enterotoxins were detected by real-time PCR. The strains were genotyped by pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) using SmaI endonuclease.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Post-Graduation Program in Materials Sciences (PPGCM), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 18052-780, Brazil; Laboratory of Biomaterials, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health (FCMS), Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), 18030-070, Brazil; Mechanical Engineering Faculty (FEM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine (PPGBMR), Surgery Department, (PUC-SP), 18030-070, Brazil.
Wound healing is a complex process involving a sequence of factors that can be disrupted, negatively impacting the quality of life for patients and overburdening healthcare systems. Advanced dressings obtained by electrospinning are highlighted by the optimization of this process, allowing air exchange and protection against microorganisms. Aiming to develop bioactive dressings, this study investigated the physicochemical, mechanical, microbiological, and in vitro biological properties of membranes containing 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 90 % copaiba oil (CO) co-electrospun with poly(L-co-D,L-lactic acid) (PLDLA) and natural rubber latex (NR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dis
December 2024
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Med Food
December 2024
Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, University of São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Stingless bee honey is a natural product consisting of sugars, organic acids, proteins, minerals, vitamins, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. Due to its healing properties, honey is often used in phytotherapy and for homemade syrups. The search for natural therapeutic alternatives has been an increasing trend in recent years, mainly due to the side effects of artificial drugs and increasing antibiotic resistance.
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