The article is an attempt of a theoretical analysis of the most important physiological laws of ontogenesis and their applicability to the process of adaptation to physical exercise as a result of sports training. The hypothesis of this analysis is that the basic physiological principles (laws) of the organism development can be used in the construction of sports training. Indeed, for the long-term adaptation are important principles of heterochrony and of periodization, while other systemic patterns that are typical for ontogenesis can not be observed in the process of adaptation to exercise or have some specific features of manifestation.
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