Sci Adv
Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences and SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. ; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
Published: July 2015
A gas-phase molecular ensemble coherently excited to have an oriented rotational angular momentum has recently emerged as an appropriate microscopic system to illustrate quantum mechanical behavior directly linked to classical rotational motion, which has a definite direction. To realize an intuitive visualization of such a unidirectional molecular rotation, we report high-resolution direct imaging of direction-controlled rotational wave packets in nitrogen molecules. The rotational direction was regulated by a pair of time-delayed, polarization-skewed laser pulses, introducing the dynamic chirality to the system. The subsequent spatiotemporal propagation was tracked by a newly developed Coulomb explosion imaging setup. From the observed molecular movie, time-dependent detailed nodal structures, instantaneous alignment, angular dispersion, and fractional revivals of the wave packet are fully characterized while the ensemble keeps rotating in one direction. The present approach, providing an accurate view on unidirectional rotation in quantum regime, will guide more sophisticated molecular manipulations by utilizing its capability in capturing highly structured spatiotemporal evolution of molecular wave packets.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4646765 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1400185 | DOI Listing |
Orthop J Sports Med
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Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carthage Area Hospital, Carthage, New York, USA.
Background: While glenoid bone loss (GBL) after anterior shoulder instability correlates with poor functional outcomes, the specific effects of GBL in posterior and combined-type shoulder instability remain poorly characterized, especially in a high-risk military population.
Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare GBL between unidirectional anterior or posterior instability versus combined-type instability in active-duty servicemembers. It was hypothesized that total GBL and GBL in the direction of instability would be greater in those with combined-type instability compared with unidirectional instability.
Adv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), 205 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31400, France.
Chaos
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA.
Traveling waves of excitation arise from the spatial coupling of local nonlinear events by transport processes. In corrosion systems, these electro-dissolution waves relay local perturbations across large portions of the metal surface, significantly amplifying overall damage. For the example of the magnesium alloy AZ31B exposed to sodium chloride solution, we report experimental results suggesting the existence of a vulnerable zone in the wake of corrosion waves where local perturbations can induce a unidirectional wave pulse or segment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cardiovasc Med
November 2024
Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Hopital Cardiologique du Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Bordeaux, France.
Chemistry
November 2024
University of Warsaw: Uniwersytet Warszawski, Faculty of Chemistry, ul. Pasteura 1, Warsaw, POLAND.
Light-driven molecular rotary motors convert the energy of absorbed light into unidirectional rotational motion and are key components in the design of molecular machines. The archetypal class of light-driven rotary motors is chiral overcrowded alkenes, where the rotational movement is achieved through consecutive cis-trans photoisomerization reactions and thermal helix inversion steps. While the thermal steps have been rather well understood by now, our understanding of the photoisomerization reactions of overcrowded alkene-based motors still misses key points that would explain the striking differences in operation efficiency of the known systems.
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