Asthma exacerbations are an important cause of asthma morbidity. Although viral infection of the upper airway is a common cause of asthma exacerbations, the reasons why some patients with asthma are exacerbation prone and others are exacerbation resistant are not fully understood. In this review, we examine whether Type 2 inflammation modifies airway function to make patients more susceptible to asthma exacerbations. The best data supporting a role for Type 2 inflammation in asthma exacerbations come from clinical trials of inhibitors of Type 2 inflammation in asthma. These trials include studies with omalizumab (an inhibitor of IgE) and others with inhibitors of Type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13). All of these trials consistently show that inhibiting the Type 2 pathway causes a clinically significant reduction in asthma exacerbations. Thus, it is now clear that Type 2 inflammation is an important mechanism of susceptibility to asthma exacerbation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5467082 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201506-377AW | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Comparative analysis of real-world data on the efficacy and safety of and adherence to ICS/LABA combinations in asthma management.
Respir Res
January 2025
Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.
Background: Choosing effective devices (inhaled corticosteroid [ICS]-long-acting β2 agonist [LABA] combination inhalers) as maintenance treatment is critical for managing patients with asthma. We aimed to compare ICS/LABA combination efficacy, safety, and adherence across inhaler types and components in patients newly diagnosed with asthma.
Methods: Utilizing South Korea's National Health Insurance Service data, we conducted a population-based cohort study involving patients aged 18-80 years, newly diagnosed with asthma who received ICS/LABA combination therapy between January 2016 and December 2020.
Inhibition of Mitochondrial Succinate Dehydrogenase with Dimethyl Malonate Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization by Enhancing STAT6 Activation.
Inflammation
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, China.
Macrophages exhibit diverse phenotypes depending on environment status, which contribute to physiological and pathological processes of immunological diseases, including sepsis, asthma, multiple sclerosis and colitis. The alternative activation of macrophages is tightly regulated to avoid excessive activation and damage of tissues and organs. Certain works characterized that succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) altered function of macrophages and promoted inflammatory response in M1 macrophages via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMepolizumab real-world effectiveness in severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype and overlapping severe allergic asthma.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
January 2025
Global Medical Affairs, Specialty Care, GSK, London, UK. Electronic address:
Background: Some patients with severe asthma have overlapping allergic and eosinophilic phenotypes and may be eligible for anti-eosinophilic or anti-IgE biologics.
Objective: This post hoc sub-analysis assessed real-world mepolizumab effectiveness in patients with overlapping allergic and eosinophilic phenotypes, using 1-year data from the international, prospective REALITI-A study.
Methods: The clinically significant asthma exacerbation (CSE) rate was assessed 1 year prior to (pre-treatment) and following (follow-up) mepolizumab treatment, stratified by baseline total IgE levels (tIgE; <60, 60-<190, 190-<550, and ≥550 kU/L), atopic status (yes/no/unknown), prior omalizumab use (yes/no), geographic baseline omalizumab eligibility (eligible/non-eligible), and baseline tIgE level and blood eosinophil count (BEC) threshold combinations (<81 or ≥81 kU/L and <300 or ≥300 cells/µL).
Baseline characteristics of patients in the Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China): a multicentre prospective cohort study.
Lancet Respir Med
January 2025
Division of Respiratory Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK. Electronic address:
Background: Bronchiectasis is a disease with a global impact, but most published data come from high-income countries. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with bronchiectasis in China.
Methods: The Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China) is a prospective, observational cohort enrolling patients from 111 hospitals in China.
Factor VIIa - antithrombin complexes are increased in asthma: relation to the exacerbation-prone asthma phenotype.
Thromb Haemost
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Cracow, Poland.
Background: Asthma is associated with a prothrombotic state. Plasma factor VIIa-antithrombin complex concentrations (FVIIa-AT) indirectly reflect the interaction of tissue factor (TF) with FVII. Since TF is a key initiator of coagulation in vivo, we hypothesized that FVIIa-AT are higher in asthma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!