AI Article Synopsis
- Newborn screening is a public health initiative that improves outcomes for congenital diseases; the specifics of these programs vary by country based on factors like demographics and economics.
- In Belgium's French Community, the program tests for 13 specific metabolic and endocrine conditions, hearing loss, and hemoglobin issues, requiring collaboration among various stakeholders for effective implementation.
- Future advancements in medical technology, such as whole genome sequencing, are likely to expand screening options but will also bring new ethical challenges that need to be addressed proactively.
Article Abstract
Newborn screening is a public health effort that has changed the prognosis of some congenital diseases. Newborn screening programmes differ between countries in which it is organized. Demographic, epidemiological or economic factors play a role in the choice of the screening panel. In the French Community of Belgium, the programme focuses on 13 metabolic and endocrine diseases, hearing loss and hemoglobinopathies (Brussels and Liege). Newborn screening is a complex process that requires the involvement of all stakeholders : parent information, blood sampling or testing, lab analysis, follow-up of the results, initiate adequate care in case of positive test and genetic counselling. Newborn screening programmes will evolve in the next years. New therapeutic and diagnostic methods will make other genetic diseases candidates for screening. Whole genome sequencing may be the next expansion; it will create new opportunities but will pose new ethical dilemmas. We must all prepare now for future challenges.
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