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Pre- and Postlicensure Animal Efficacy Studies Comparing Anthrax Antitoxins.
Clin Infect Dis
October 2022
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Background: The deliberate use of Bacillus anthracis spores is believed by the US government to be a high bioweapons threat. The first line of defense following potential exposure to B. anthracis spores would be postexposure prophylaxis with antimicrobials that have activity against B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrine is a viral antigen reservoir in hepatitis E virus infection.
Hepatology
May 2023
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics , National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases , School of Public Health, School of Life Sciences , Xiamen University, Xiamen , PR China.
Background And Aims: HEV ORF2 antigen (Ag) in serum has become a tool for diagnosing current HEV infection. Particularly, urinary shedding of HEV Ag has been gaining increasing interest. We aim to uncover the origin, antigenicity, diagnostic performance, and diagnostic significance of Ag in urine in HEV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh dose sofosbuvir and sofosbuvir-plus-ribavirin therapy inhibit Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) replication in a rabbit model for acute HEV infection.
Antiviral Res
March 2022
Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Peking University-Sansure Biotech Joint Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of viral hepatitis worldwide and there is currently no FDA-approved anti-HEV drug. The commonly used drug ribavirin (RBV) could not achieve viral clearance in all patients and can induce drug resistance. Recent studies showed sofosbuvir (SOF) can inhibit HEV replication in vitro and has add-on effect when combined with RBV, but the clinical effect of SOF against HEV infection remains controversial and the dosage of SOF warrants further exploration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfectivity and pathogenicity of different hepatitis E virus genotypes/subtypes in rabbit model.
Emerg Microbes Infect
December 2020
Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
The pathogenicity of each hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes/subtypes may be different. This study aimed to investigate the infectivity and pathogenicity of different HEV genotypes/subtypes from different mammalian sources especially human in rabbits, and to assess whether rabbits are an appropriate animal model to study different HEV genotypes/subtypes. Thirty-seven rabbits were randomly divided into nine groups and inoculated with eight different HEV strains, including human-derived HEV3b (hHEV-3b), hHEV-4a, hHEV-4d and hHEV-4h, swine-derived HEV4d (sHEV-4d) and sHEV-4h, rabbit-derived HEV3 (HEV-3ra) and camel-derived HEV8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacodynamics of Posaconazole in Experimental Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Utility of Serum Galactomannan as a Dynamic Endpoint of Antifungal Efficacy.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
January 2021
Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
galactomannan antigenemia is an accepted tool for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in neutropenic patients. Little is known, however, about the utility of this biomarker to assess the efficacy of antifungal therapies. The pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of posaconazole in treatment and prophylaxis were investigated in the persistently neutropenic rabbit model of IPA at doses between 2 and 20 mg/kg per day.
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