An essential aspect of genetically-engineered mice (GEM) is the ability to produce live animals after the appropriate injection procedure. Animals are produced by implantation of manipulated embryos into pseudopregnant females for gestation, parturition, and growth to the weaning stage. This study was carried out to test whether the anesthesia used during surgery could affect the number of pups produced. Anesthetics commonly used for implant surgery include tribromoethanol (Avertin) delivered by intraperitoneal (IP) injection, IP-injected ketamine:xylazine or ketamine:medetomidine mix, and inhaled isoflurane. To determine if the anesthesia used might affect the number of animals produced, each anesthetic agent was tested in implant surgeries and the numbers of pups produced using both wild-type and GEM embryos were assessed. Parallel studies were conducted in institutions in the EU and in the USA. Based on a direct comparison of pregnancy status, number of pups born, and number of pups weaned for each agent, we found no statistical differences among the three anesthetics. We conclude that all three anesthetic agents tested are equally useful for implantation surgery.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4865456 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677215616530 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Sexual dimorphism in lung transcriptomic adaptations in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
Respir Res
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 275 E Hancock St, Rm 195, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
Current fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) studies primarily focus on alcohol's actions on the fetal brain although respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity/mortality in newborns. The limited studies examining the pulmonary adaptations in FASD demonstrate decreased surfactant protein A and alveolar macrophage phagocytosis, impaired differentiation, and increased risk of Group B streptococcal pneumonia with no study examining sexual dimorphism in adaptations. We hypothesized that developmental alcohol exposure in pregnancy will lead to sexually dimorphic fetal lung morphological and immune adaptations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Laboratory Opossum () Is a Unique Model for Research on Zika Virus: Robust Immune Response, Widespread Dissemination, and Long-Term Persistence.
Viruses
November 2024
Division of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg/Harlingen/Brownsville, McAllen, TX 78520, USA.
The Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic elicited a rapid commitment to the development of animal models for ZIKV research. Non-human primates (NHPs) and mice have made significant contributions to this research, but NHPs are expensive, have a long gestation period, and are available only in small numbers; non-genetically modified mice are resistant to infection. To address these deficiencies, we have established the laboratory opossum, , as a small animal model that complements the mouse and monkey models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDivergent paths of mammary gland involution: unveiling the cellular dynamics in abruptly and gradually involuted mouse models.
Breast Cancer Res
January 2025
Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
Background: Epidemiological studies associate an increase in breast cancer risk, particularly triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), with lack of breastfeeding. This is more prevalent in African American women, with significantly lower rate of breastfeeding compared to Caucasian women. Prolonged breastfeeding leads to gradual involution (GI), whereas short-term or lack of breastfeeding leads to abrupt involution (AI) of the breast.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMild Gestational Hypothyroidism in Mice Has Transient Developmental Effects and Long-Term Consequences on Neuroendocrine Systems.
Thyroid
December 2024
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Thyroid hormones (TH) play a key role in fetal brain development. While severe thyroid dysfunction, has been shown to cause neurodevelopmental and reproductive disorders, the rising levels of TH-disruptors in the environment in the past few decades have increased the need to assess effects of subclinical (mild) TH insufficiency during gestation. Since embryos do not produce their own TH before mid-gestation, early development processes rely on maternal production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmbryonic exposure to acetamiprid insecticide induces CD68-positive microglia and Purkinje cell arrangement abnormalities in the cerebellum of neonatal rats.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; Center for Diversity and Inclusion, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan. Electronic address:
Concerns have been raised regarding acetamiprid (ACE), a neonicotinoid insecticide, due to its potential neurodevelopmental toxicity. ACE, which is structurally similar to nicotine, acts as an agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and resists degradation by acetylcholinesterase. Furthermore, ACE has been reported to disrupt neuronal transmission and induce developmental neurotoxicity and ataxia in animal models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!