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Vector induced humoral responses after rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP immunization identify vaccinated individuals and correlate with Ebola virus glycoprotein antibodies.
J Infect Dis
December 2024
Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Background: The robustness and persistence of vaccine antigen-induced antibodies are often used as proxy indicators of vaccine efficacy, but immune responses to vaccine vectors are typically less well-defined. Our study considered the kinetics of immunoglobulin (IgG) responses against the vector (vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus [VSIV]) nucleoprotein (N) and the inserted antigen (Ebola virus [EBOV]) glycoprotein (GP1,2) components of the rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP (rVSV-ZEBOV) vaccine and evaluated their use as biomarkers to confirm self-reported vaccination status.
Methods: From the Partnership for Research on Ebola Virus in Liberia (PREVAIL) I clinical trial (NCT02344407), we randomly selected 212 participants who received rVSV-ZEBOV (n=107) or placebo (n=105).
A Phase 1 randomized trial of homologous and heterologous filovirus vaccines with a late booster dose.
NPJ Vaccines
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Filoviruses, including Ebola, Marburg, Sudan, and Taï Forest viruses, are zoonotic pathogens that can cause severe viral hemorrhagic fever and death. Developing vaccines that provide durable, broad immunity against multiple filoviruses is a high global health priority. In this Phase 1 trial, we enrolled 60 healthy U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorneal and conjunctival abnormalities in a cohort of survivors from the Western African Ebola virus disease outbreak.
AJO Int
December 2024
Truhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Purpose: To characterize corneal and conjunctival abnormalities (CCAs) and their impact on visual acuity in a cohort of survivors from the Western African Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak.
Design: A post hoc analysis of 121 patients, who had previously undergone screening for the Ebola Virus Persistence in Ocular Tissues and Fluids study, was performed.
Methods: Patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic exam at the Lowell and Ruth Gess Eye Hospital in Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Long-term visual outcomes and histopathologic findings after cataract surgery in Ebola virus disease survivors in the Ebola virus RNA persistence in ocular tissues and fluids (EVICT) study.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
November 2024
Truhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America.
Background/objectives: Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors develop post-acute ophthalmic sequelae, including a high prevalence of uveitis that may be complicated by vision-threatening cataract. After the non-detection of Ebola virus (EBOV) RNA in sampled ocular fluid, vision impairment due to cataract can be treated safely and effectively via manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS). However, the long-term ocular visual outcomes and assessment of ocular tissues, including for genomic RNA, have been infrequently or not reported in Western African survivors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPosthospitalization COVID-19 cognitive deficits at 1 year are global and associated with elevated brain injury markers and gray matter volume reduction.
Nat Med
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Institute of Population Health, Institute of Life and Human Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
The spectrum, pathophysiology and recovery trajectory of persistent post-COVID-19 cognitive deficits are unknown, limiting our ability to develop prevention and treatment strategies. We report the 1-year cognitive, serum biomarker and neuroimaging findings from a prospective, national study of cognition in 351 COVID-19 patients who required hospitalization, compared with 2,927 normative matched controls. Cognitive deficits were global, associated with elevated brain injury markers and reduced anterior cingulate cortex volume 1 year after COVID-19.
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