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| http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/13604.6643 | DOI Listing |
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CEPHALIC TETANUS: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.
West Afr J Med
November 2024
Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital/University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Summary/introduction: Cephalic tetanus (CT) constitutes only 1-3% of total reported tetanus cases. It is marked by flaccid paralysis of one or more cranial nerves (CN) with or without spasticity, typically following craniofacial injuries. The facial nerve is the most frequently paralyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGiant pituitary macroadenoma with apoplexy presenting with isolated bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy: illustrative case.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
September 2024
Departments of Neurosurgery, Cooper University, Camden, New Jersey.
Article Synopsis
- Giant pituitary prolactinomas can cause rare but severe symptoms, such as acute hypoglossal nerve palsy and neurological decline, as highlighted in a case study of a 62-year-old woman with such a condition.
- The patient experienced a syncopal episode and difficulties with speech and swallowing, leading to imaging that identified a giant apoplectic pituitary tumor.
- Urgent surgery to decompress and reduce the tumor resulted in significant improvement in her symptoms, demonstrating the potential benefits of timely surgical intervention and the need for ongoing monitoring.
An Unusual and Discrepant Presentation of a Skull Base Paraganglioma.
Cureus
August 2024
Otolaryngology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * A 65-year-old male patient presented with symptoms like tongue fasciculations and dysarthria, leading to the discovery of a tumor near his vagus nerve through imaging.
- * Management of skull base paragangliomas varies individually, with the decision made in this case to observe the tumor rather than proceed with immediate treatment.
Orexin receptor 2 agonist activates diaphragm and genioglossus muscle through stimulating inspiratory neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex, and phrenic and hypoglossal motoneurons in rodents.
PLoS One
June 2024
Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Orexin-mediated stimulation of orexin receptors 1/2 (OX[1/2]R) may stimulate the diaphragm and genioglossus muscle via activation of inspiratory neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex, which are critical for the generation of inspiratory rhythm, and phrenic and hypoglossal motoneurons. Herein, we assessed the effects of OX2R-selective agonists TAK-925 (danavorexton) and OX-201 on respiratory function. In in vitro electrophysiologic analyses using rat medullary slices, danavorexton and OX-201 showed tendency and significant effect, respectively, in increasing the frequency of inspiratory synaptic currents of inspiratory neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsolated unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy from suppurative retropharyngeal lymphadenitis in an infant.
BMJ Case Rep
June 2024
Faculty of Medicine, SEGi University, Kota Damansara, Selangor, Malaysia.
Retropharyngeal infections (RPIs) are uncommon in young infants and are difficult to diagnose due to their non-classical presentation. RPI can occasionally be complicated with multiple cranial nerve palsies but rarely in isolation. Isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy (HNP) due to RPI has been described in the literature but mostly in older children and adults.
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