Three strains of HIV-1 unique recombinant forms (URFs) descended from subtypes B, B', and CRF01_AE were identified among people who inject drugs in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. These three URFs shared a common recombination breakpoint in the reverse transcriptase region, indicating frequent linkage within the drug-injecting networks in Malaysia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.01220-15 | DOI Listing |
J Virol
December 2024
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Previous studies have shown that the majority of long-lived cells harboring persistent HIV-1 proviral genomes originates from viruses circulating in the year prior to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, but a smaller proportion originates from viruses circulating much earlier in untreated infection. These observations suggest that discrete biological factors influence the entry and persistence of viruses into the persistent proviral pool, and there may be periods earlier in untreated infection with increased seeding. Therefore, we examined the timing of formation of the long-lived pool of infected cells that persists during ART in seven women (after a median of 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChina CDC Wkly
November 2024
National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention (NCAIDS), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Beijing, China.
Introduction: The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtypes significantly influences the effectiveness of diagnostic tools, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and vaccine development. This study aimed to assess the regional and national prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants in China between 2004 and 2023 using pol gene segment analysis.
Methods: We analyzed annual HIV/AIDS reports and pol gene segment sequences from all Chinese provinces between 2004 and 2023.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
December 2024
Institute for Disease Modeling, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA.
Sexual and/or injecting partners of people who inject drugs (PWID) may have an elevated risk of HIV infection either from sharing a transmission network or an epidemiological environment. We estimated the degree of similarity between HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) sequences from PWID and their partners to assess whether partner-based recruitment identifies sexual or injecting partners within transmission networks. We used assisted partner services (APS) to recruit sexual and injecting partners of PWID living with HIV in Kenya and evaluated trends in the TN93 distances (an adjusted measure of sequence similarity) of the HIV-1 and HCV sequences from partner pairs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirus Genes
December 2024
Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, China.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by its extremely high level of genetic diversity. The spread of different subtypes in the same population often leads to the emergence of circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinant forms (URFs). At present, the main recombinant subtypes of HIV-1 in China originate from CRF07_BC, CRF01_AE, CRF55_01B and subtype B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Lenacapavir (LEN) is the first in class viral capsid protein (CA) targeting antiretroviral for treating multi-drug-resistant HIV-1 infection. Clinical trials and cell culture experiments have identified resistance associated mutations (RAMs) in the vicinity of the hydrophobic CA pocket targeted by LEN. The M66I substitution conferred by far the highest level of resistance to the inhibitor compared to other RAMs.
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