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To investigate the excitation mechanism of ionospheric perturbations on Mars by the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) onboard Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN), we categorize ionospheric perturbations into three cases: (a) the ion-neutral coupling cases where ion and neutral perturbations are well coupled, (b) the ion-specific cases where ion perturbations move independently from neutrals, and (c) the coronal mass ejection cases associated with solar wind extreme events. A representative number of cases from total profiles are compared with a numerical model to determine the fraction that can be explained by an atmospheric gravity waves (GW). The neutral perturbations on the dayside at 170-190 km altitudes are in excellent agreement with the GW.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - This study examines how the ionosphere on Mars is affected by crustal magnetic fields and solar wind pressure using data from the MAVEN spacecraft's Langmuir Probe and Waves instrument.
- - Researchers found that electron density decreases when comparing the solar wind's dynamic pressure to the magnetic pressure of Mars' crustal fields, indicating an inverse relationship.
- - Different magnetic field configurations change the behavior of electron density, with lower densities observed in certain topologies, suggesting that solar wind interactions and magnetic forces play a complex role in shaping the Martian atmosphere.
Two distinct current systems in the ionosphere of Mars.
Nat Commun
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
When the solar wind interacts with the ionosphere of an unmagnetized planet, it induces currents that form an induced magnetosphere. These currents and their associated magnetic fields play a pivotal role in controlling the movement of charged particles, which is essential for understanding the escape of planetary ions. Unlike the well-documented magnetospheric current systems, the ionospheric current systems driven by solar wind and atmospheric neutral winds have not been quantitatively observed, which constrains the quantification of energy transfer from stars to these planets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMartian atmospheric hydrogen and deuterium: Seasonal changes and paradigm for escape to space.
Sci Adv
July 2024
University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Mars' water history is fundamental to understanding Earth-like planet evolution. Water escapes to space as atoms, and hydrogen atoms escape faster than deuterium giving an increase in the residual D/H ratio. The present ratio reflects the total water Mars has lost.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMagnetosheath jets at Mars.
Sci Adv
June 2023
Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Box 812, 981 28 Kiruna, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- Magnetosheath jets are plasma entities found around Earth that exert higher dynamic pressure than their surroundings and contribute to energy transfer in the magnetosheath.
- These jets create waves that affect the magnetopause, leading to noticeable phenomena like throat auroras and detectable magnetic signatures on the ground.
- Research from the MAVEN spacecraft has shown that similar jets also exist in Mars' magnetosheath, indicating their presence can influence both Earth and Mars, despite the differences in their respective environments.
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