According to the population structure, a stratified cluster sampling was carried out in 22 counties/ cities/disticts of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from June to August 2012. Serum anti-echinococcus IgG was detected by ELISA. Among 22995 sampled children from 91 primary schools, the sero-positive rate was 2.9%. The rate in males and females was 2.8%(333/11 840) and 3.0%(337/11 155), respectively (χ2 = 0.88, P > 0.05). Higher serum positive rate occurred in Yuanzhou District (10.6%, 169/1602), Yanchi County (9.1%, 74/810), and Zhongning County (7.1%, 96/1350) (χ2 = 1826.51, P < 0.05). The rate in rural schools (3.1%, 371/11 963) was higher than that of urban ones (2.7%, 368/13,834) (χ2 = 4.30, P < 0.05), and higher in Hui nationality (3.3%, 302/9,127) than that of Han nationality (2.7%, 368/13,834) (χ2 = 8.17, P < 0.05). The highest positive rate was found in the group of 7 to 9 years (3.2%, 180/5 662) and of 12 years (3.3%, 254/7,694) (χ2 = 4.11, P < 0.05).
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