CKMT1 and NCOA1 expression as a predictor of clinical outcome in patients with advanced-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: We studied the association between the expression of a subset of previously identified genes and clinical outcome in patients with head and neck cancer.

Methods: We analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) the expression of 89 genes in tumor biopsies from stage III to IVa/b chemotherapy treated patients (n = 46). Two additional cohorts analyzed by RNAseq (The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA] project; n = 371) or immunohistochemistry (IHC; n = 73) were used to validate results.

Results: Thirty genes were associated with local-recurrence or progression-free survival. The best multi-gene decision-tree model to predict local recurrence included nuclear receptor coactivator 1 (NCOA1) and serum-amyloid A2 (SAA2) expression, whereas the best model to predict disease recurrence included creatine kinase mitochondrial 1 (CKMT1) and metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF1). Both models were associated with cancer-specific survival. Results were confirmed analyzing the RNAseq data included in the TCGA project. CKMT1 and NCOA1 were identified as independent risk factors for survival in an independent cohort analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion: CKMT1 and NCOA1 expression has prognostic significance in advanced-stage head and neck carcinoma. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1392-E1403, 2016.